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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 main diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis:
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-Ocular infections
-STDs |
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What does C. psittaci cause?
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Psittacosis
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What is Psittacosis?
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Pneumonia
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What serotypes cause STDs?
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C. trachomatis D-K
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What serotypes cause trachoma?
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C. trachomatis A-B-Ba-C
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In what countries is Trachoma mostly seen?
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Asia/Africa
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How is pneumonia caused by C. psittaci spread?
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By infected bird poop
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What distinguishes pneumonia caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae?
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It lasts for weeeeks - differential diagnosis in chronic lung infection should be M. tb PLUS C. pneumophila
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Developmental cycle of Chlamydiae:
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-Elementary bodies
-Reticulate bodies |
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How can you see elementary bodies?
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As inclusion bodies on EM
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What are the characteristics of Elementary bodies?
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-Infectious
-Nonreplicative (no metabolism) -Rigid cell envelope |
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How do Reticulate bodies divide?
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By binary fission within the host cell
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What lets a reticulate body be classified as elementary?
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Rigidity of the newly formed cell wall.
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What do chlamydia lack?
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The ability to make ATP
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What are the 3 pathologic host responses to Chlamydial infection?
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-Blood vessel formation
-Connective tissue formation -Lymphocytic infiltration |
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What is the lymphocytic infiltration in Chlamydia infection called? How is it treated?
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Pannus - by surgical removal
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Why is Chlamydia so hard to treat?
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Antibodies that bind the Elementary bodies don't work.
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What is bad about vaccinating for Trachoma?
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It makes the outcome WORSE
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How is Chlamydia treated?
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-Tetracycline
-Erythromycin -Sulfonamides |
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What are 2 clinical manifestations of C. trachomatis infections?
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-Eye damage
-Vesicles in UG tract |
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How can inclusion bodies be identified?
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By staining with iodine for glycogen
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What are 3 lab diagnostic methods for Chlamydia?
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-Immunoflourescence
-Molecular methods -Antibody titer |
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What is the smallest free-living prokaryote?
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Mycoplasma
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Is Mycoplasma obligate intracellular?
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NO - it is epicellular
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What is the distinguishing feature of Mycoplasma?
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no cell wall
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What is the clinical presentation of M. pneumoniae?
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Walking pneumonia (atypical)
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What is seen on the PBS of a patient with Mycoplasma?
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COLD AGGLUTININS - Anti-Mycoplasma antibodies that cross react to RBCs
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What did Eaton identify Mycoplasma as?
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A filterable agent, that used to be a defining feature of viruses, but it grew on agar so it's not a virus!
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What part of the lungs does Mycoplasma typically cause pneumonia in?
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Lower lobes, unilateral
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What causes Nongonoccal, nonchlamydial urethritis and salpingitis?
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Ureaplasma urealyticum
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What are 3 things Ureaplasma urealyticum causes in women?
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-Chorioamnionitis
-Habitial spontaneous abortion -LBW infants |
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What Mycoplasmal species is a common inhabitant of the vagina in healthy women?
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Mycoplasma hominis
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What can M. hominis cause in women?
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-Invasion of internal genital organs
-PID -Abscesses and salpingitis |
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What is the gram stain of Mycoplasma?
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Cocci that are elongated and filamentous
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What is the appearance of Mycoplasma on agar like?
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Fried egg
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What do mycoplasmas require for growth?
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Sterol
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What does ureaplasma require?
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Urea
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What is a hallmark characteristic of Mycoplasma growth on agar?
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Pitting
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Why do we say Mycoplasma is epicellular?
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It hides between crypts at the bases of microvilli to cause long chronic infections.
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What is the major mycoplasma adhesin?
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P1
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How does mycoplasma escape host immunity?
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By antigenic variation
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What is the highest age attack rate for Mycoplasma pneumoniae?
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Children ages 5-9
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