J 300 Terms

Front 1

attenuation

Back 1

the removal of photons and electrons from a radiation beam by scatter or absorption as it travels through a medium, typically tissue or tissue equivalent material

Front 2

attributable risk

Back 2

risk that can be linked to a specific disease

Front 3

atypical hyperplasia

Back 3

the proliferation of unusual-appearing cells in a normal tissue arrangement

Front 4

auer rods

Back 4

structures in the cytoplasm of myeoblasts, myelocytes, and monoblasts

Front 5

autoclave

Back 5

a device used for sterilization under pressure

Front 6

autologous bone marrow transplant (ABMT)

Back 6

a technique of using a patient's own previously removed bone marrow to rescue the pt from the potentially fatal hematologic toxicity of extremely high-dose chemotherapy and radiation

Front 7

autonomy

Back 7

the qlty or state of being self-governing; self-directing freedom, especially moral independence

Front 8

autoradiograph

Back 8

a signature exposure of a radioactive source obtained by placing the source on an unexposed x-ray film for a period of time long enough to darken the film. the film may be scanned to check for dose uniformity

Front 9

axillary lymphatic pathway (principal pathway)

Back 9

comes from trunks of the upper and lower half of the breast and moves toward the underarm

Front 10

B symptoms

Back 10

A group of symptoms (fevers, night sweats, weight loss) associated with lymphomas

Front 11

backscatter factor

Back 11

the ratio of the dose rate with a scattering medium (water or phantom) to the dose rate at the same point w/o a scattering medium (air)

Front 12

backup timer setting

Back 12

the backup timer device refers to a safety device that will stop the tx if the primary timer device fails

Front 13

Barrett's espophagus

Back 13

a condition in which the distal esophagus is lined w/ a columnar epithelium rather than a stratified squamous epithelium. it usually occus w/ gastroesophageal reflux. this conditino is associated w/ an increased risk in the development of adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus

Front 14

barium sulfate

Back 14

heavy metal salt; the most commonly used contrast agent for examinations of the GI tract

Front 15

basal cell carcinoma

Back 15

a slow-growing, locally invasive, but rarely metastasizing neoplasm dervied from basal cells of the epidermis or hair follicles

Front 16

base

Back 16

a specific numbe discovered by Euler, a mathematician. special number represented by e

Front 17

baseline study

Back 17

an initial study performed so that future studies can be compared with the original values

Front 18

battery

Back 18

the touching of a person without permission

Front 19

beamlet

Back 19

a small photon intensity element, also referred to as a bixel, used to subdivide an IMRT beam for calculation purposes

Front 20

beam modifiers

Back 20

devices that change the shape of the tx field or distribution of the radiation at a depth