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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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IV therapy and electrolyte therapy are all what type of IV therapy
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Crystalloid
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Blood and blood components are which type of IV therapy
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Colloid
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What is VAD and what are they used for
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Vascular Access Device = catheters, cannulas, infusion ports. Can be peripherally placed or centeral line catheter for short or long term acces to vascular system
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Typed of VAD
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* Metal needle=butterfly
* catheter/cannula = peripheral or central * PICC (peripherally inserted central ) or midline *Central catheter * Long term catheters (Hickman, Groshong, Broviac) * Infusion ports |
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Describe Butterfly VAD
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- short term, very unstable
- single dose IV meds - obtain blood samle - wings taped to skin - usually used in older adults or Peds - needle is rigid - odd # gauges |
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Describe Peripheral catheter/cannula
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-needle is inserted, retracted, leaving the flexible catheter
- less irritating, decrease risk of infection/phlebitis - flexible - can stay in longer - replace 48-72 hrs - even # gauges |
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Describe central catheter/cannula
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- placed in large, central veins
- used for large quantities/long term therapy - usually done by Dr. |
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Describe PICC or midline
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Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
- requires high blood flow - intermediate length of therapy 7 days - 3 months - first choice for home therapy - usally in basilic or cephalic vein - ML = sitd just inside the subclavian vessel - PICC = advance as fas as superior vena cava |
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What are the nsg. intervetions for PICC or Midline
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- No BP in this are
- no blood taken from this arm - daily weight b/c of large amounts of fluids - monitor fluid and electrolyte status - VS q4 hrs. |
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Describe Central catheters
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- similar to PICC
- can be left in for 6-8 weeks - into large subclavian vein to superior vena cava or rt. agrium |
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Nsg. preventions for Central Catheters
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- done by Dr. but RN assists
- sterile technique - drape client - open sterile package - do all preps and assis Dr. with meds. - insertion site care is usually sterile care |
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Describe long term catheters
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- a.k.a. Hickamn, Groshong, Broviac, Portacath
- uses are similar to PICCs - left in for > 6-8 weeks - inserted in OR - uses small pocket to travel to subclavian vesstl to travel to the superior vena cava - usually has sever lumen to allow infusion of a # of drugs - must flush to keep patent - x-ray to confirm placement b4 flush so as to assure not in lungs |
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Describe infusion ports
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- implanted port
- inserted subQ in chest beneath rt. clavial thru large vein into subclavian vena cava - uses a speckia needle, non coring - infection chances decrease once healed |
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What is the purpose of IV therapy
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- if NPO, provides fluids and meds
- provides CHO as a source of calories - replaces or supplies water, electrolyes, AA, lipids, vits, blood - adds substitutes for whole blood to increase voume adn increase BP KVO = keep vein open utilizes a slow fluid drip of about 30 cc/hr for patency |
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What are the nsg. preventions for someone on IV therapy
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- client automatically goes on I&O
- check labs for electrolyte status - monitor qhr, always start at the client; talk w/ them, look at insertion site, follow tubing to bag - document all - @ 100 cc get ready to hang new bag - @ 50 cc hang new bag - try not to put IV on dominant side - work distal to proximal - not on masectomy side - medical asepsis care at site |
