Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
TYPES OF BENZODIAZEPINES
|
versed, ativan, valium
|
|
|
GABA
|
gamma aminobutyric acid
major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is the 2nd most common neurotransmitter in the brain glutamate is the most commone (excitatory) |
|
|
TYPES OF BARBITUATES
|
thiopental, methohexital
|
|
|
BARBITUATES MOA
|
decrease RAS
enhance GABA will inhibit the transmission of excitatory neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine |
|
|
BENZODIAZEPINES MOA
|
enhances GABA
used for sedation, amnesia, anxiolysis, anticonvulsants longer onset and action than thiopental due to protein binding |
|
|
VALIUM (DIAZEPAM)
|
BENZO
pre-op sedation dose 0.2-0.5 mg/kg PO 0.02- 0.04 mg/kg IV painful when given IV OR IM b/c is insoluble in water so mixed with propylene glycol ***active metabolites 1/2 life 21-37 hours |
|
|
VERSED (MIDAZOLAM)
|
BENZO
DOSE 0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV for sedation 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg IV for induction 1/2 life 1-4 hours causes anterograde amnesia less cardiac depression than valium |
|
|
DIPRAVAN (PROPOFOL)
|
DOSE INDUCTION 1.5-2.5 mg/kg IV
SEDATION 25-100 mcg/kg/min MAIN 100-300 mcg/kg/min **allergy to soy or eggs don't use antiemetic, antipuretic GABA use w/in 6 hours |
|
|
THIOPENTAL
|
BARBITUATE
DOSE 3-5 mg/kg for induction sedation, hypnosis, anticonvulsant rapid onset short duration req recon for resulting 2.5% sol 25mg/ml |
|
|
AMIDATE (ETOMIDATE)
|
structurally unrelated to other compounds
DOSE 0.2-0.3 mg/kg for induction CNS depression-> enhance GABA may activate seizure foci temp cause adrenal suppression increased incidence of myoclonus ****minimal CV effects |
|
|
PRECEDEX (DEXMEDETOMIDINE)
|
LOADING DOSE 0.5-1 mcg/kg over 10-20min
main 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/hr very selective alpha 2 agonist presynaptically 1/2 life 1.5 hours 5 min onset and 15 min peak decrease SNS output no effect on resp system |
|
|
BREVITAL (METHOHEXITAL)
|
BARBITUATE
shorter duration than thiopental activates seizure foci Recon IV sol 1% Rectal sol 10% DOSE INDUCTION 1-1.5 mg/kg RECTAL 25mg/kg |
|
|
KETAMINE
|
DOSE INDUCTION 1-2 mg/kg
3-5 mg/kg IM pre op does not decrease CNS dissociation from thalamus and limbic system inhibit NMDA receptor ***patient appears conscious but cannot process sensory input |
|
|
KETAMINE WHAT ELSE DOES IT DO
|
-causes roving eye movements
skeletal muscle movement, hallucinations excellent analgesia -no resp depression, bronchial smooth muscle relaxation ****increase salivation, HR, CO BP AND ICP EMERGENCE DELERIUM does not put patient to sleep |
