Iv Exam Nursing 120

Front 1

examples of isotonic solutions

Back 1

NS (0.9% saline in water)
D5W
LR

Front 2

examples of hypotonic solutions

Back 2

1/2NS (0.45% saline)
1/3NS (0.33% saline)

Front 3

examples of hypertonic solutions

Back 3

D10W
5%D/NS
5%D/1/2NS
D5LR

Front 4

examples of crystalloids

Back 4

LR
NS

Front 5

examples of colloid-plasm expanders

Back 5

Albumin
Dextran
Plasma

Front 6

reasons to choose LR

Back 6

treat hypovolemia
burns
fluid loss due to diarrhea
mild metabolic acidosis

Front 7

reasons to choose NS

Back 7

expand extracellular compoartment if circulatory insufficiency
treate diabetic ketoacidosis

Front 8

reasons to choose D5W

Back 8

supplies calories, glucose

Front 9

reasons to choose 1/2 NS

Back 9

treats hypernatremia

Front 10

indications for hypotonic solutions

Back 10

treat cellular dehydration
promote waste elimination in kidneys

Front 11

indications for using hypertonic solutions

Back 11

stabilize BP
incr urine output
reduce edema

Front 12

reasons to use crystalloids

Back 12

support BP from blood loss
contain electrolytes
use for fluid vol replacement

Front 13

reasons for using colloid-plasma expanders

Back 13

pulls fluid from interstitial to vascular compartments
incr vascular volume rapidly in cases of hemorrhage, hypovolemia or loss of plasma

Front 14

3 types of IV delivery methods

Back 14

continuous infusion
intermittent infusion
IV push

Front 15

why is continuous infusion used

Back 15

careful regulation of amt of fluid over prolonged pd of time
maintain constant therapeutic drug level
less risk of contamination/infection

Front 16

why is intermittent infusion used

Back 16

more flexible
drugs administered over a specified period of time at varying intervals to maintain therapeutic blood levels

Front 17

why is direct injection/IV push used

Back 17

drug directly into a vein

Front 18

good info regarding site selection

Back 18

-begin distal & work proximal
- consider type of sol to be given
- consider duration of therapy
-consider pt age, preference & activity

Front 19

most common veins for venipuncture for IV

Back 19

basilic, cephalic & metacarpals

Front 20

most common needle gauge size

Back 20

20 gauge

Front 21

escape of nonvesicant solution into tissue

Back 21

infiltration

Front 22

escape of vesicant solution into tissue

Back 22

extravasation

Front 23

infection of the skin

Back 23

cellulitis

Front 24

inflammation of vein, caused by mechanical or chemical injury

Back 24

phlebitis

Front 25

inflammation caused by clot formation

Back 25

thrombophlebitis

Front 26

s/s of infiltration

Back 26

coolness of skin
taut skin
slowing infusion rate

Front 27

s/s of extravasation

Back 27

coolness of skin
taut skin
slowing infusion rate
tissue necrosis

Front 28

s/s cellulitis

Back 28

pain
redness
edema
taut skin

Front 29

s/s phlebitis

Back 29

site is warm, red, painful

Front 30

s/s thrombophlebitis

Back 30

site is warm, red, painful

Front 31

intervention for infiltration

Back 31

d/c IV
elevate
cool-warm compress

Front 32

intervention for extravasation

Back 32

d/c IV
notify MD

Front 33

intervention for cellulitis

Back 33

d/c IV
warm compress
notify MD

Front 34

intervention for phlebitis and thrombophlebitis

Back 34

d/c infusion
warm compress
call MD

Front 35

intervention for hematoma

Back 35

d/c infusion
apply pressure
warm compress

Front 36

reasons why IV meds are ordered

Back 36

-rapid therapeutic effect needed
-GI tract can't absorb the med
-NPO
-controlled admin rate needed

Front 37

benefits of IV meds

Back 37

rapid response
effective absorption

Front 38

what's on a med label

Back 38

pt name
room #
date
name & amt of IV solution & drugs
infusion rate

Front 39

benefits of central venous therapy

Back 39

access to central veins
rapid infusion of meds or large amts of fluids
long term therapy
draw blood samples, measure venous pressure

Front 40

risks of CVT

Back 40

pneumothorax
sepsis
thrombus formation
perforation of vessels & adjacent organs
risk of air embolism

Front 41

insertion points for CVT

Back 41

subclavian vein
internal/external jugular
cephalic, basilic veins so tip rests in the:
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
right atrium of heart

Front 42

two types of tunneled catheters

Back 42

groshong
hickman

Front 43

list some risks of CV therapy

Back 43

pneumothorax, hemothorax, chylothorax or hydrothorax

Front 44

s/s of risks with CV therapy

Back 44

chest pain
dyspnea
cyanosis
decr breath sounds on affected side
abnormal CXR

Front 45

causes of pneumothorax, hemothorax

Back 45

lung puncture during insertion
large vessel puncture
infiltration of solution into chest cavity

Front 46

s/s air embolism

Back 46

dyspnea
unequal breath sounds
weak pulse
hypotension
change in LOC

Front 47

causes of air embolism

Back 47

air intake during insertion
cap/tubing change
catheter cut or broken

Front 48

interventions for air embolism

Back 48

clamp catheter immediately
turn pt to left side, head down
(air enters right atrium, not pulmonary artery)
O2
call MD
document

Front 49

s/s thrombosis

Back 49

edema at punctured site
erythema
ipsilateral edem of arm neck & face
fever
pain
malise
tachycardia

Front 50

causes of thrombosis

Back 50

sluggish flow rate
composition of catheter material
preexisting limb edema
cv disease

Front 51

s/s local infection

Back 51

erythema
tenderness
edema
exudate
rash
fever
chills

Front 52

causes of local infection

Back 52

not maintaining aseptic technique

Front 53

intervention for local infection

Back 53

check temp
culture site
re-dress
treat w/antibiotics
remove catheter
document

Front 54

PICC general information

Back 54

for long term use - up to 6 mo
antithrombogenic properties

Front 55

general info implanted port

Back 55

catheter tip is in subclavian vein or internal jugular with proximal end of port implanted in subcutaneous pocket of upper chest wall
require minimal care

Front 56

which central venous catheter system is associated with the lowest risk for catheter related bloodstream infection

Back 56

implanted port

Front 57

name several reasons why IV therapy is used

Back 57

rehydration
blood
fast delivery of meds
NPO
TPN
anesthesia
diagnostic tests

Front 58

isotonic solution to expand extracellular fluid would include

Back 58

NS
LR
D5w

Front 59

iv solution to help expand plasma volume & incr cardiac output in hemorraging pt

Back 59

colloid plasma expanders:
albumin
dextran
plasma

Front 60

3 types of crystalloid solutions

Back 60

NS
LR
Ringers Solution

Front 61

universal precautions for inserting/caring for IV

Back 61

clean gloves
perform hand hygiene

Front 62

what factors to keep in mind when starting an IV

Back 62

length of infusion
type & amt of infusion
vein size & needle gauge
age of pt

Front 63

how often are venipuncture sites rotated

Back 63

every 72 hrs

Front 64

what info needs documented on IV site dressing

Back 64

date/time changed
needle gauge
RN initials

Front 65

pt requiring long-term antibiotic therapy at home could use what type of IV catheter/delivery systems

Back 65

PICC line
Implantable Port
Hickman
Groshong

Front 66

how long can a bag of solution be infused before needing changed

Back 66

24 hrs