Iv

Front 1

Reasons for IV use:
1. Prevent Fluid Vol. deficit

Back 1

Fluid req. vary with age, wt., ht.,% of fat. Most accurate assessement of total fluid losses is daily body wts.

Front 2

Reasons for IV use:
2. Prevent ketosis

Back 2

Avg. adult 100g/day of glucose will prevent a shift to metabolism of body fat meet normal energy needs for a few days. 2liters of 5% dex meets that need. 1Liter of dex is only 170 Cal. not for long term use.

Front 3

Reasons for IV use:
3. Prevent deficiences of vit. and minerals

Back 3

The body can't store water soluble Vit. B vit. are neccessary for metabolism of glucose.

Front 4

Reasons for IV use:
4. Expansion of vascular volume (correct hypovolemia)

Back 4

Solution used must create an osmotic pressure that will keep the fluid in the intravascular compartment. Hypertonic solutions ^ osmotic pressure which expands vascular volume more rapidly. Use of volume expanding such as crystalloid and colloid solutions they should be questioned in the absence of hypovolemic symptoms.

Front 5

Reasons for IV use:
5. Hydration

Back 5

Use solutions that produce a shift of fluid out of vessels and into cells. Hypotonic solutions don't contain sufficient particles to exert osmotic pressure. When fluid replacement is the goal, 3cc of fluid are administered for every 1cc of measured loss.

Front 6

Reasons for IV therapy:
6. Correction of specific losses

Back 6

Specific replacement therapies may address electrolyte imbalances, bleeding, losses of gastric or intestional fluid and/or inadeq. serum protein levels.

Front 7

IV to provide a route for rapid delivery of med/nutrients(Total parentral nutrition)

Back 7

This route if fast and speed shock and be a complication when meds, IV solutions with high solute content, or blood products are administered.

Front 8

IV complications:
Infiltration

Back 8

escape of fluid into the SQ tissue. S/S: Swelling, coldness, pallor, pain at site. Intervention: stabilize joint, d/c IV monitor site freq.

Front 9

IV complications:
Sepsis

Back 9

Microorganisms invade bloodstream thru site. S/S: Red, tender at site, fever, malaise Intervention: call Dr ASAP,

Front 10

IV complications:
Phlebitis

Back 10

Inflammation of vein. S/S: Local, acute tenderness, redness, warmth, slight edema of the vein above the site. Intervention: Apply warm, moist compress to site.

Front 11

IV complications:
Fluid overload

Back 11

caused when too large a vol. of fluid infuses into the circulatory system. S/S: engorged neck veins, ^ BP and difficulty breathing. Intervention: Slow rate of infusion, Call DR, Monitor flow rate.

Front 12

IV complications:
Air Embolus

Back 12

Air in the circulatory system.
S/S: Respitory distress, ^ Rate, Cyanosis, decreased BP Intervention: pinch of catheter to prevent entry of air. Place on left side in trendelenburg position(lower head raise feet)

Front 13

Meds via an IV bolus or push.

Back 13

This involves a single inj. of an concentrated solution directly into an IV line.

Front 14

Meds via intermittent IV infusion

Back 14

The drug is mixed with a small amount of the intervenous solution and adminstered over a short period at a prescribed interval.

Front 15

Meds via secondary IV

Back 15

Also called piggyback. requires the intermittent or additive solution to be placed higher that the primary solution.

Front 16

Meds via syringe pump

Back 16

Is a battery operated and allows medication mixed in a syringe to be connected to the primary line and delivered by mechanical pressure applied to the syringe plunger.