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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The approximate horizontal peripheral vision
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What is 90 degrees left and right?(pg 6)
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The approximate vertical peripheral vision
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What are 55 degrees above and 70 degrees below? (pg 6)
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The area of accurate vision (contrasted to peripheral vision, 2-4 degrees from the visual focal point)
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What is the fovea? (pg 6)
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The ITE Definition of transportation engineering
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What is "the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, design, operation, maintenance and management of systems and facilities of any mode of surface transportation in order to provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods." (pg 1)
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The ITE definition of traffic engineering
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What is "the phase of transportation engineering that deals with the safe and efficient planning of geometric design and traffic operations of roads, streets and highways, their networks, terminals, abutting and relationships with other motorized and non-motorized modes of transportation." (pg 1)
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Useful field of view while driving
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What is 20-30 degrees?(pg 6)
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Is not a fixed time but depends on the difficultly of the stage of the process (but generally 1.5 or 2.5 seconds)
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What is perception time?(pg 9)
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The detection time for an expected object
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What is a fraction of a second?(p 9)
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Alcohol, drugs, fatigue and emotional factors
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What are driver impairments?(pg 12)
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The range of drivers whos abilities and limitiations need to be taken into account in designing roads (often 85th percentile)
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What is the design driver?(p 14)
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About 16% of the total drivers in the united states currently but increasing rapidly?
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What are older drivers?(p 14)
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Crashes per mile level off between these ages
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What are 30 and 65 years old?(p 14)
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Crash rates for this group are about four times greater for this age group than the general population
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What are drivers between 16-19 years old?(p 15)
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These drivers are more likely to engage in dangerous driving behavior, have a poor perception of dangerous situations and be influenced by other passengers?
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Who are novice drivers?(p 15)
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This group's primary concerns are fatigue, vehicle operation and different traffic control devices and regulations
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Who are truck drivers?(p 16)
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These vehicles are difficult to see, very maneuverable and the occupants often lack protection and often speed. A common type of collision is run-off-road.
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What are motorcyclists?(p 18)
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Right-turns on red are a particular concern for the safety of these road users
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What are pedestrians?(p 18)
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Design driver, older driver, novice drivers, truck drivers, motorcyclists, pedestrians and bicyclists
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What are road user types?(p 14)
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The historical design pedestrian speed has been this value.
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what is 4.0 ft/sec?(p 20)
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Current design pedestrian speed
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What is 3.5 ft/sec? *double check this*
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* Separate pedestrians and vehicles by time* Separate pedestrians and vehicles by space* Increase pedestrian visibility* Reduce vehicle speed
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What are the main pedestrian safety countermeasures?(p 22)
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Too narrow shoulders significantly affects this road user
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Who are bicyclists?(p 23)
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The new typeface used on signs. Studies show that this typeface is easier to read at longer distances than the old one.
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What is clearview? (p 25)
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The old typeface used on signs.
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What is FHWA Series E? (p 25)
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The zone where some drivers may chose to stop at a yellow signal and others may chose to continue
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What is the dilemma zone? (p 32)
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The number of conflict points in a regular 4-way intersection
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What are 32? (p33)
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The number of conflict points in a roundabout
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What are 8? (p33)
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When an on-ramp is less than 1.3 miles from the next off-ramp
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What is a weaving section? ( p 35)
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This type of crash mainly occurs on curves
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What are run off the road crashes? (p37)
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STEAM Acronym for?
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What is Surface Transport Efficiency Analysis System
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HERS Acronym for?
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What is Highway Efficiency Requirement System
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IDAS Acronym for?
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What is ITS Deployment Analysis System
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HPMS Acronym for?
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What is Highway Performance Measurement System
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ATR Acronym for?
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What is Automatic Traffic Recorder?
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Different categories of trips
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What are Through, External, External external, External Internal?
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Different categories of recreational areas
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What are Natural, Activity based, and Historical & Cultural?
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LRT Acronym for?
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What is Light Rail Transit?
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LCCA Acronym for?
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What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis?
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TTS Acronym for?
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What is Transit Time Spread?
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RRT Acronym for?
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What is Rail rapid Transit?
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AGT Acronym for?
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What is Automated Guide Transit?
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CBD Acronym for?
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What is Central Business District?
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TOD Acronym for?
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What is Transit Oriented Development?
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SAFETEA-LU Acronym for?
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What is Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users
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The distance between axles
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What is the wheelbase?
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20', 28, 40', 45', 48' and 53'
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What are the common trailer lengths?
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Can only use 28' trailers except in some western states
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What are double trailer trucks (also known as Large Carrier Vehicles)?
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A passenger vehicle on an automobile or light-truck chassis with capacity of 6–12 persons
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What is a van?
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A vehicle up to 25' long with capacity for more than 15 persons
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What is a minibus?
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A vehcile more than 25' long (typically 40') and 8.0–8.5' wide. Designed to stop frequently with front and center doors without restrooms or luggage storage
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What is a transit bus?
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What is a transit pus propelled by electricy from overhead wires
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What is a trolley bus?
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A bus with an upper deck above the normal seating area
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What is a double decker bus?
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A bus that can be propelled by electricity or by a deisel engine
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What is a dual-powered bus
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An enetrically propelled rail vehicle using shared, semi-exclusive or exclusive right of way.
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What is a streetcar or light-rail vehicle?
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An electrically propelled vehcile usually operated in trains on exclusive right of way
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What is a rail transit car?
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A standard railroad passenger car with high-density seating and a typical length of about 85'.
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What is a commuter railroad car?
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A type of automated guideway transit vehicle operating on a loop as as a shuttle in the CBD/airports
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What is a people mover?
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This mode of transport is inherently unstable, have more manouvering than vehicles and often ride side-by-side?
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What are bicycles?
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3' of lateral and 7.5 of vertical space.
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What is the space needed for bicycles?
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2.7' for greater than 7mph and 2.5 for slow speeds
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What is the bicycle track width?
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The bicyclist skill level where they behave like a motor vehicle
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What is A (Advanced) in ABC?
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A bicylist who's skill level has them avoid fast traffic, prefer bike lanes and sidewalks
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What is B (Basic) in ABC?
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Bicylists who are young, usually with adults and avoid non residential street
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What is C (Child) in ABC?
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The microscopic and macroscopic measurements of flow
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What are time headways and flow rates?
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The microscopic and macroscopic measurements of speed
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What are Individual Speeds and Average Speeds?
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The microscopic and macroscopic measurements of density
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What are distance headways and density rates?
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Freeways, multilanes highways and 2-lane rural roadways. Largely unaffected by stop signs and signals
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What are uninterrupted flow roadways?
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The measure of the number of vehicles moving past a point in a lane or segment of roadway
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What are volume (and flow)?
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The number of vehicles per a specific time
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What is volume?
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The equivalent hourly number of vehicles per specific time
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What is flow?
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The five measures of traffic stream parameters
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What are at a point, over a short section (<30'), over a length of road (1/3mi), as a moving observer of traffic and area-wide samples from a large number of vehicles?
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Average 24-hr volume over a certain time period
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What is ADT?
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average 24-hr volume over whole year. Takes into account seasonal fluctuations
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What is AADT?
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Horly volume used for design
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What is DHV?
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Average weekday 24-hour volume over a certain time period
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What is AWT?
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Average weekday 24-hour volume over whole year. Takes into account seasonal fluctuations
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What is AAWT?
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The peak hour factor
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What is volume/4*(max 15 minute volume)?
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Time headway
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what is q (flow) /3600?
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3600/time headway
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What is volume?
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The speed-flow-density relationship
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What is q=uk (flow = speed * density)
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The uninterrupted flow base conditions
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What are 12' lanes, 6' lateral clearance, 60mph FFS (multilane hwys), only passenger cars, level terrain ( <2% grade), no no-passing zones (2-lane divided), no traffic control/impediments, framiliar drivers?
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The base conditions for intersections on interrupted flow facilities
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What are 12' lane width, no on-street parking near approaches, only passenger cars, level grade, no bus stopping, no pedestrians present?
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The LOS measure for freeway & multilane highways
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What is density?
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The LOS measure for rural two-lane
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What is percent time following?
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The LOS measure for intersections
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What is delay?
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STEAM Acronym for?
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What is Surface Transport Efficiency Analysis System
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HERS Acronym for?
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What is Highway Efficiency Requirement System
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IDAS Acronym for?
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What is ITS Deployment Analysis System
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HPMS Acronym for?
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What is Highway Performance Measurement System
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ATR Acronym for?
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What is Automatic Traffic Recorder?
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Different categories of trips
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What are Through, External, External external, External Internal?
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Different categories of recreational areas
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What are Natural, Activity based, and Historical & Cultural?
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LRT Acronym for?
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What is Light Rail Transit?
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LCCA Acronym for?
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What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis?
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TTS Acronym for?
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What is Transit Time Spread?
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RRT Acronym for?
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What is Rail rapid Transit?
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AGT Acronym for?
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What is Automated Guide Transit?
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CBD Acronym for?
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What is Central Business District?
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TOD Acronym for?
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What is Transit Oriented Development?
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SAFETEA-LU Acronym for?
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What is Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users
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Vehicle Occupancy counts
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What is z^2(s1^2+s2^2+s3^2)/e^2?
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Growth Factor
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What is 2 years, when accounting for urban/rural vehicle counts?
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Cogs or cables supporting rail lines on steep slopes, where advancing and descending vehicles counterbalance each other
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What are funicular railways?
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Roadside interviews, postcard surveys, lights on studies, vehicle intercept surveys, license plate surveys
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What are the types of External External category of trips?
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Two ropes supporting an aerial lift while a third rope providing propulsion
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What is aerial tramway?
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Railway carriages with rubber wheels as well as traditional steel flanges for streamlining movement through tracks
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What is rubber tire transit?
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