Ite 120 Final

Front 1

technology infrastructure

Back 1

All the hardware, software, databases,
telecommunications, people, and
procedures that are configured to
collect, manipulate, store, and process
data into information.

Front 2

database

Back 2

An organized collection of
facts and information.

Front 3

intranet

Back 3

An internal network based on
Web technologies that allows people
within an organization to exchange
information and work on projects.

Front 4

Internet

Back 4

The world’s largest computer
network, actually consisting of
thousands of interconnected networks,
all freely exchanging information.

Front 5

strategic alliance (strategic
partnership)

Back 5

An agreement between
two or more companies that involves
the joint production and distribution of
goods and services.

Front 6

competitive advantage

Back 6

A significant
and (ideally) long-term benefit to a
company over its competition.

Front 7

end-user systems development

Back 7

A
systems development project in which
business managers and users assume the
primary effort.

Front 8

object-oriented systems development
(OOSD)

Back 8

An approach to systems
development that combines the logic of
the systems development life cycle with
the power of object-oriented modeling
and programming.

Front 9

rapid application development
(RAD)

Back 9

A systems development
approach that employs tools,
techniques, and methodologies
designed to speed application
development.

Front 10

systems analysis

Back 10

The systems
development phase that determines
what the information system must do
to solve the problem by studying
existing systems and work processes to
identify strengths, weaknesses, and
opportunities for improvement.

Front 11

systems design

Back 11

The systems
development phase that defines how the
information system will do what it must
do to obtain the problem solution.

Front 12

systems development

Back 12

The activity of
creating or modifying business systems.

Front 13

systems implementation

Back 13

The systems
development phase involving the
creation or acquiring of various system
components detailed in the systems
design, assembling them, and placing
the new or modified system into
operation.

Front 14

systems investigation

Back 14

The systems
development phase during which
problems and opportunities are
identified and considered in light of the
goals of the business.

Front 15

systems maintenance

Back 15

A stage of
systems development that involves
checking, changing, and enhancing the
system to make it more useful in
achieving user and organizational goals.

Front 16

systems review

Back 16

The final step of
systems development, involving the
analysis of systems to make sure that
they are operating as intended.

Front 17

information

Back 17

A collection of facts
organized in such a way that they have
additional value beyond the value of the
facts themselves.

Front 18

data

Back 18

Raw facts, such as an employee
number, number of hours worked in a
week, inventory part numbers, or sales
orders.

Front 19

random access memory (RAM)

Back 19

A
form of memory in which instructions
or data can be temporarily stored.

Front 20

thin client

Back 20

A low-cost, centrally
managed computer with essential but
limited capabilities and no extra drives,
such as a CD or DVD drive, or
expansion slots.

Front 21

redundant array of independent/
inexpensive disks (RAID)

Back 21

Method of
storing data that generates extra bits of
data from existing data, allowing the
system to create a “reconstruction map”
so that if a hard drive fails, the system
can rebuild lost data.

Front 22

application software

Back 22

The programs
that help users solve particular computing
problems.

Front 23

software

Back 23

The computer programs that
govern the operation of the computer.

Front 24

computer programs

Back 24

Sequences of
instructions for the computer.

Front 25

hierarchy of data

Back 25

Bits, characters,
fields, records, files, and databases.

Front 26

byte (B)

Back 26

Eight bits that together
represent a single character of data.

Front 27

primary key

Back 27

A field or set of fields that
uniquely identifies the record.

Front 28

key

Back 28

A field or set of fields in a record
that is used to identify the record.

Front 29

problem solving

Back 29

A process that goes
beyond decision making to include the
implementation stage.

Front 30

satisficing model

Back 30

A model that will
find a good—but not necessarily the
best—problem solution.

Front 31

intelligence stage

Back 31

The first stage of
decision making, in which potential
problems or opportunities are
identified and defined.

Front 32

decision support system (DSS)

Back 32

An
organized collection of people,
procedures, software, databases, and
devices used to support problemspecific
decision making.

Front 33

expert system

Back 33

Hardware and software
that stores knowledge and makes
inferences, similar to a human expert.

Front 34

neural network

Back 34

A computer system
that can simulate the functioning of a
human brain.

Front 35

worm

Back 35

A parasitic computer program
that can create copies of itself on the
infected computer or send copies to
other computers via a network.

Front 36

Trojan horse

Back 36

A malicious program
that disguises itself as a useful
application or game and purposefully
does something the user does not
expect.

Front 37

virus

Back 37

A computer program file capable
of attaching to disks or other files and
replicating itself repeatedly, typically
without the user’s knowledge or
permission.

Front 38

flash memory

Back 38

A silicon computer chip
that, unlike RAM, is nonvolatile and
keeps its memory when the power is
shut off.