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25 Cards in this Set
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Adalberto Libera
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(b. 1903) He was one of the founders of M.I.A.R. (“Italian Movement for Rational Architecture”). He had a prolific career throughout the Fascist regime and designed many notable buildings during the 1930s. Designed the Palace of Congress.
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Alcide de Gasperi
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(b. 1881)Italian politician and founder of the Christian Democratic Party. From 1945 to 1953 he was the prime minister of eight successive coalition governments.
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Fiat
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An acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial and industrial group based in Turin. Founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli. As of 2009, Fiat is the world's sixth largest carmaker as well as Italy's largest carmaker.
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Formula 1
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(1950) The highest class of auto racing sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The "formula" in the name refers to a set of rules to which all participants' cars must comply[3] The F1 season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix, held on purpose-built circuits, and to a lesser extent, former public roads and closed city streets.
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Anni di Piombo
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In the late 1960s, Italy endured a period of socio-political turmoil that lasted until the late 1980s. This new wave of terrorism was characterized by widespread social conflict and unprecedented acts of terrorism carried out by right and left-wing paramilitary groups. The assassination of the Christian Democrat (DC) leader Aldo Moro in 1978 by the Second Red Brigades, ended the so-called "historic compromise" between the DC and the Italian Communist Party (PCI). Nearly 1500 homicides were attributed to political violence in from 1969 to 1981 in the form of bombings, targeted assassinations and street warfare between rival militant factions.
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Benetton
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In 1965, Luciano Benetton, the eldest of four children, was a 30-year-old salesman in Treviso. Benetton Group S.p.A. is a global fashion brand, based in Treviso, Italy. The name comes from the Benetton family who founded the company in 1965. Benetton Group is listed in Milan (BIT: BEN). Benetton has a network of around 6,200 stores in 120 countries.
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Beppe Severgnini
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(born December 26, 1956) is an Italian journalist, writer and columnist initially for Il Giornale and now Corriere della Sera. Also wrote "The Italian Piazza" about Italian culture.
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Bettino Craxi
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The leader of the PSI (Socialist Party) is prime minister (Presidente del Consiglio) from 1976-1993. He's the second longest-serving Prime Minister in Italy since 1945 after Berlusconi.
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Black Brigades
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were one of the Fascist paramilitary groups operating in the Italian Social Republic (in northern Italy), during the final years of World War II, and after the signing of the Italian Armistice in 1943. The brigade members not only fought the Allies and the Italian partisans, but they also fought against political opponents and other Black Brigade members whose support of "the cause" was deemed less than exuberant.
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Democratzia Cristiana
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It was founded in 1943 as the ideological successor of the first Italian People's Party.
The DC, a catch-all party comprising both right-wing and left-wing factions, dominated the Politics of Italy for almost 50 years from 1944 until its demise amid a welter of corruption allegations in 1992–1994. |
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Forza Italia
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was a Christian-democratic, liberal and liberal-conservative political party in Italy led by Silvio Berlusconi, three times Prime Minister of Italy.
The party was founded in December 1993 and won its first election soon afterwards in March 1994. It was the main member of the Pole of Freedoms and the House of Freedoms coalitions, and is considered (by both insiders and outsiders) to be very different from the other Italian political parties. |
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Franco Zeffirelli
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(born 12 February 1923) is an Italian director and producer of films and television and opera director and designer (Tea with Mussolini). He has also been a politician (The People of Freedom).
He is well-known for his film version of Romeo and Juliet (1968). His television mini-series Jesus of Nazareth (1977). Zeffirelli has been a member of the Italian Senate since 1994, representing the Forza Italia party. |
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Giacomo Puccini
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(1858 – 1924) was an Italian composer whose operas, including La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently performed.
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Gioachino Rossini
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(1792 – 1868) was an Italian composer who wrote 39 operas as well as sacred music, chamber music, songs, and some instrumental and piano pieces. His best known operatic works include Il barbiere di Siviglia (The Barber of Seville), La Cenerentola, La gazza ladra (The Thieving Magpie) and Guillaume Tell (William Tell). A tendency for inspired, song-like melodies is evident throughout his scores, which led to the nickname "The Italian Mozart." Until his retirement in 1829, Rossini had been the most popular opera composer in history.
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Giro d'Italia
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(Tour of Italy), also simply known as The Giro, is a long distance road bicycle racing stage race for professional cyclists held over three weeks in May/early June in and around Italy (first started in 1909 in Milan). It is one of the three Grand Tours, and is part of the UCI World Ranking calendar.
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Giuseppe Verdi
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October 9, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. He was one of the most influential composers of the 19th century. His works include in Aida and Rigoletto.
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La Lega Nord
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1989, New right-wing party. it proposes that Italy be divided and that there be a “Northern Repubblic”.
The founder and leader of the Lega Nord is Umberto Bossi. The party is against the central government (Roma ladrona) (it now no longer proposes a divided Italy but rather a federal system of government for Italy) and against foreigners/immigration. |
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Libretto
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the text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio and cantata, musical, and ballet. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as mass, requiem, and sacred cantata.
Libretto (pl. libretti), from Italian, is the diminutive of the word "libro" (book). A libretto is distinct from a synopsis or scenario of the plot, in that the libretto contains all the words and stage directions, while a synopsis summarizes the plot. The relationship of the librettist (that is, the writer of a libretto) to the composer in the creation of a musical work has varied over the centuries, as have the sources and the writing techniques employed. |
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Mani Pulite
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(Italian for clean hands-- 1992) was a nationwide Italian judicial investigation into political corruption held in the 1990s. Mani pulite led to the demise of the so-called First Republic, resulting in the disappearance of many parties. Some politicians and industry leaders committed suicide after their crimes were exposed. The corruption system that was uncovered by these investigations was usually referred to as Tangentopoli, or "bribeville".
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RAI
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(Founded 1945)The Italian state owned public service broadcaster controlled by the Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance.
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Roberto Benigni
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(born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director of film, theatre and television. Married to actress Nicoletta Braschi. Stared in Life is Beautiful (1997) and other films like Johnny Stechinno and Pinocchio (2002).
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Sophia Loren
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September 20, 1934) is an Italian actress.[1]
In 1962, she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in Two Women, becoming the first actress to win an Academy Award for a non-English-speaking performance. Loren has won 50 international awards. She is the second most awarded actress in cinema history beside Meryl Streep. |
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Tangentopoli
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(Italian for bribesville) was the name used to indicate the corruption-based system in politics that had its heyday in Italy in the 1980s and early 1990s until the Mani pulite investigation delivered it a deadly blow in 1992. Milan1992: magistrate/prosecutor Antonio di Pietro investigates corruption of political parties and government in an initiative called Mani pulite. Tangentopoli scandal involved 1000s of politicians (DC and PSI mainly) and businessmen.
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The Economic Miracle
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Period of world-wide economic growth. Italy ranks 5th among industrialized countries (among G12 Countries today). High living standard in urban areas.
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Piazza Fontana
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a terrorist attack that occurred on December 12, 1969 at 16:37, when a bomb exploded at the headquarters of Banca Nazionale dell'Agricoltura (National Agrarian Bank) in Piazza Fontana in Milan, Italy, killing 17 people and wounding 88. The same afternoon, three more bombs were detonated in Rome and Milan, and another was found undetonated.
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