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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articulated Prepositions: When to Use |
-use when preposition is followed by a definite article -constructed by adding def. article to end of preposition -in = nell -di = dell |
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Personal Pronouns/ Direct Object Pronouns |
-mi
-ti -La/ lo/la -ci -vi -Li/Le/li/le -lo/la and li/le can be "it" or "them" (objects) |
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Personal Pronouns: When to Use |
-use to replace direct object if it is a person
-place before verb Ex: Mi porti alla festa? Are you taking me to the party. Ex: Vedi Sophie? Do you see Sophie? Si, La vedi. |
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Direct Object Pronouns: When to Use |
-use to replace the direct object if it is a thing -place before verb Ex: Martina legge l'email. (Lei) Lo legge. She reads it. |
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Direct Objects Answer Question... |
-WHAT or WHO? does the action of the verb?
-can be replaced by D.O.P. -D.O.P. placed before the verb |
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Indirect Objects Answer Question... |
-TO/FOR WHOM? or TO /FOR WHAT? is the action happening to? -usually preceded by preposition -can be replaced by I.O.P. -I.O.P. placed before verb, except 'loro' which goes behind verb |
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Indirect Object Pronouns: |
-mi -ti -Le/gli/le -ci -vi -Loro/gli (m/f) loro (m/f) -loro placed behind verb! |
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Indirect Object with Verb + Infinitive Rule |
- the indirect object pronoun can go either in front of verb
-or can be attached to infinitive, and replace (-are) ending Ex: Gli devo parlare. Devo Parlargli. |
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Se Piacere |
To Like (To Be Please By) |
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Piacere Rules/ Use: |
-use with I.O.P. -something "is pleasing TO" ... -mostly used in 3rd person s. or pl. -if number of 'things being liked' is s.: piace, if pl.: piaciono |
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Piacere Constructions: |
-I.O.P. + Piace + Infinitive Verb -I.O.P. + Piace/Piaciono + S./Pl. Noun |
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To Dislike Something |
-can be dispiacere or non piacere -put 'non' in front of I.O.P. Ex: Non mi piace la birra. |
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Questions with Piacere |
-use 2nd Person or formal subject and add question mark to normal sentence Ex: Ti piace il vino? |
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Preferire |
-to prefer |
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Preferire Constructions: |
-Preferire + Noun -Preferire + Infinitive Verb Ex: Preferisco la frutta. Preferisco mangiare la frutta. |
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Reflexive Verbs Definition: |
-verb whose action reflects back on the person/ subject doing it -verbs can be reflexive or not, changing meaning by adding 'si' to end of verb Ex: Lavare (to wash) Lavarsi (to wash oneself) |
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Passato Prossimo Rules: |
-action that has taken place in past and is closed
-formed with present tense of AVERE or ESSERE + past participle of verb (Avere, Essere part is called auxiliary verb) |
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Passato Prossimo Verb Conjugation: |
-ARE = ATO -IRE = ITO -ERE = UTO |
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Passato Prossimo with Essere Rules: |
-all reflexive verbs with essere -verb after auxiliary changes depending on gender and number -use essere for verbs of movement or state of being -o/-a -i/-e |
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Passato Prossimo with Avere rules: |
-verb after auxiliary does not change for gender or number -most verbs conjugated with avere |
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Imperfetto Conjugations: -ARE |
-ARE -avo -avi -ava -avamo -avate -avano |
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Imperfetto Conjugations: -ERE |
-ERE -evo -evi -eva -evamo -evate -evano |
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Imperfetto Conjugations: -IRE |
-IRE -ivo -ivi -iva -ivamo -ivate -ivano |
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Imperfetto (Imperfect Tense) Rules/ Use: |
-an event in progress in the past -repeat and habitual past action -unspecified end or beginning to event -to describe physical, mental, emotional states in past -past time and weather |
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Imperfetto (Clue Words) Signifiers: |
-Quando ( when..., this happened) -Mentre ( while... this happened) |
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Imperfect Essere Conjugations: |
-Ero -Eri -Era -Eravamo -Eravate -Erano |
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Imperfect Avere Conjugations: |
-Avevo -Avevi -Aveva -Avevamo -Avevate -Avevano |
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Imperfetto Common Verbs: -Sembrare -Potere -Volere -Preferire |
-look like/ seem like
-may/ can -want -prefer |
