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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the ways to simplify work and to solve problems more efficiently |
Data Processing |
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It is the manipulation of data into a more useful form. |
Data Processing |
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It also refers to the equipment or devices and procedures by which the result is achieved. |
Data Processing |
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refers to the equipment or devices and procedures by which the result is achieved |
Data processing system |
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defined as any collection of facts |
Data |
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Two types of data |
Numerical Non-numerical |
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Data Processing Cycle |
Input Processing Output |
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initial data are prepared in some convenient form for processing |
Input |
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the input data are changed, combined with other information, to produce data in a more useful form. |
Processing |
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the results of the preceding processing steps are collected. |
Output |
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Categories of Data Processing |
Manual data processing Mechanical data processing Electronic data processing |
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these systems employs tools and materials such as pencils, pens, multiple-copy forms, carbon paper and filing cabinets. |
Manual data processing |
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these systems use a combination of manual procedures and mechanical equipment. The system uses various devices such as typewriters, sorters, calculators, collators, tabulators, duplicators, and verifiers. |
Mechanical data processing |
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these system use different types of input, output, and storage devices may be interconnected to an electronic computer to process data. |
Electronic data processing |
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Areas of data processing |
Business data processing Scientific data processing |
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characterized by the need to establish, retain, and process files of data for producing useful information |
Business data processing |
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Generally, it involves a large volume of input data, limited arithmetical operations, and a relatively large volume of output |
Business data processing |
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involves a limited volume of input and many logical or arithmetical calculations |
Scientific data processing |
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Data Processing Operations |
1. Recording 2. Verifying 3. Duplicating 4. Classifying 5. Sorting 6. Calculating 7. Summarizing and Reporting 8. Merging 9. Storing 10. Retrieving 11. Feedback |
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transfer of data onto some form or document |
Recording |
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It relates to the documentation of intermediate figures and facts resulting from calculations |
Recording |
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Checked for any errors |
Verifying |
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reproducing the data onto many forms or documents |
Duplicating |
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identifying and arranging items with like characteristics into groups or classes |
Classifying |
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Arranging data in a specific order |
Sorting |
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arithmetic manipulation of the data |
Calculating |
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a collection of data is condensed and certain conclusions from the data are represented in a format. |
Summarizing and reporting |
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Reducing masses of data to a more useful form |
Summarizing and reporting |
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two or more sets of data, all sets having been sorted by same, and puts them together to form a single sorted set of data |
Merging |
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placing similar data into files for future references |
Storing |
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recovering stored data and/or information when needed |
Retrieving |
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comparison of the output(s) and the goal set in advance |
Feedback |
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Methods of Data Processing |
Batch Processing On-line Processing Real-time Processing Distributed Processing |
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a technique in which data to be processed or programs to be executed are collected into groups to permit convenient, efficient, and serial processing. |
Batch Processing |
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refers to equipment or devices under the direct control of the central processing unit of a computer |
On-line Processing |
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the processing of data is done immediately |
Real-time Processing |
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the most complex level of computer processing, generally consists of remote terminals linked to a large central processing system to help the user conduct inquiries about accounts, process jobs, or other data processing operations |
Distributed Processing |
