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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SDLC
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Planning, Analysis, Design, Development, Testing, Implementation, Maintenance
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Planning
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select system project, assess feasibility, produce project plan (select team members, develop schedule, select methodology)
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Analysis
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collect/analyze data (study the current system), determine business requirements
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Design
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describe desired features and operations of the system
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Development
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transforming designs into the actual system
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Maintenance
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performing changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet business goals, most expensive part
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Waterfall methodology
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each phase is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance; inflexible, expensive and requires rigid adherence to the sequentially based steps
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Agile methodologies
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quick and flexible, small projects delivered quickly and frequently, daily collaboration with users
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Primary principles an organization should follow for successful agile software development
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slash the budget, if it doesn't work, kill it, keep requirements to a minimum, test and deliver frequently, assign non-IT executives to software projects
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Rapid Application Development
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Emphasizes user involvement by constructing working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development project
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Extreme programming
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Breaks a project into tiny phases, developers cannot continue on to the next phase until the first is complete
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Feasibility Assessment
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Technical, economical, legal, operational, scheduling
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Conversion
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Direct, parallel, pilot, phased
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Sequential Flowcharting
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one step is completed followed by a next step and so on
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Selection Flowcharting
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the answer to a question causes a branch in the process; ex. if-then-else, if-then-null-else, nested-if-then-else
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Repetition Flowcharting
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allows one or more actions to be repeated until a condition is met, loop/iteration
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Compiler
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translates whole program, translate once and then it can run over and over again, fast because it doesn't have to keep translating, must install machine-level on user's machine before program runs
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Interpreter
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converts code to machine language statement-by-statement just before execution, translation done every time so it makes it slower
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Two level approach
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uses both a compiler and an interpreter, translates whole program, then statement by statement
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Syntax error
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incorrect use of language's defined set of key terms and operators, usually caught by compiler or interpreter
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Run-time (logic) error
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does not violate specific syntax but logically incorrect, found when running
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3 types of error detection
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visual code examination, debugger step-through, test cases
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JVM (Java Virtual Machines)
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last-step interpreter that is specific to each machine type in each computer's browser
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Java Applet
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uses 2-level approach, uses JVM in browser, compiled into bytecode, stored as a separate file
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Java Script
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interpreted at run time, entire script embedded in HTML document
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High-level language
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uses defined grammar and specific command words, makes it easier to write code
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Low-level language
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generally written to interface with a specific type of hardware, such as a specific computer processor, tedious to write because instructions are very detailed and specific
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business wikis
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collaborative web pages that allow users to edit documents, share ideas, or monitor the status of a project
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collaboration system
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an IT-based set of tools that supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information
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content management system
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provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of information in a collaborative environment
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core competency
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an organization's key strength or business function that it does better than any of its competitors
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digital asset management system
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though similar to document management, DAM generally works with binary rather than text files, such as multimedia file types
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Digital Darwinism
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organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction
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digital divide
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when those with access to technology have great advantages over those without access to technology
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disruptive technology
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a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers
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document management system
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supports the electronic capturing, storage, distribution, archival, and accessing of documents
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explicit knowledge
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consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT
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Groupware
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software that supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing
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hypertext transport protocol
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the internet standard that supports the exchange of information on the WWW
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knowledge management
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involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions
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protocol
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a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission
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semantic Web
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an evolving extension of the WWW in which web content can be expressed not only in natural language, but also in a format that can be read and used by software agents, thus permitting them to find, share, and integrate information more easily
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service-oriented architecture
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a collection of services that communicate with each other, for example, passing data from one service to another or coordinating an activity between one or more services
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sustaining technology
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produces an improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive
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tacit knowledge
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the knowledge contained in people's heads
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videoconference
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a set of interactive telecommunication technologies that allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously
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Web 2.0
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a set of economic, social, and technology trends that collectively form the basis for the next generation of the Internet - a more mature, distinctive medium characterized by user participation, openness, and network effects
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web content management systems
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adds an additional layer to document and digital asset management that enables publishing content both to intranets and to public websites
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wikis
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web-based tools that make it easy for users to add, remove, and change online content
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workflow management systems
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facilitates the automation and management of business processes and controls the movement of work through the business process
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World Wide Web
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a global hypertext system that uses the internet as its transport mechanism
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application service provider
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a company that offers an organization access over the Internet to systems and related services that would otherwise have to be located in personal or organizational computers
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brick-and-mortar business
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business that operates in a physical store without an internet presence
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business-to-business (B2B)
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applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet
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business-to-consumer (B2C)
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applies to any business that sells its products or services to consumers over the internet
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clickstream data
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exact patterm of a consumer's navigation through a site
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click-through
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a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser
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Consumer-to-business
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applies to any consumer that sells to a business over the internet
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consumer-to-consumer
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applies to sites primarily offering goods and services to assist customers interacting with each other over the internet
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content provider
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companies that use the internet to distribute copyrighted content
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E-business
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the conducting of business on the internet, not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners
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ecommerce
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the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet
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e-procurement
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the B2B purchase and sale of supplies and services over the internet
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e-shop
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a version of a retail store where customers can shop at any hour of the day without leaving their home or office
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extranet
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an intranet that is available to strategic allies (such as customers, suppliers and partners)
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interactivity
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measures the visitor interactions with the target ad
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intermediaries
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agent, software, or business that brings buyers and sellers together to provide a trading infrastructure to enhance ebusiness
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internet service provider
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a company that provides individuals and other companies access to the internet along with additional related services, such as website building
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intranet
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an internalized portion of the internet, protected from outside access, that allows an organization to provide access to information and application software to only its employees
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kiosk
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publicly accessible computer system that has been set up to allow interactive information browsing
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mobile commerce (m-commerce)
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the ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device
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Online brokers
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intermediaries between buyers and sellers of goods and sellers
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online service provider
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offers an extensive array of unique services such as its own version of a web browser
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portal
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a website that offers a broad array of resources and services, such as email, online discussion groups, search engines, and online shopping malls
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pure-play (virtual) business
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a business that operates on the internet only without a physical store
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service level agreements
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defines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and sets the customer expectations
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web mashup
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a website or web application that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new service
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wireless internet service provider (WISP)
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an ISP that allows subscribers to connect to a server at designated hotspots or access points using a wireless connection
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authentication
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a method for confirming users' identities
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authorization
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the process of giving someone permission to do or have something
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Biometrics
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the identification of a user based on a physical characteristic, such as a fingerprint, iris, face, voice, or handwriting
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content filtering
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occurs when organizations use software that filters content to prevent the transmission of unauthorized information
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denial-of-service attack
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floods a website with so many requests for service that it slows down or crashes the site
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encryption
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scrambles information into an alternative form that requires a key or password to decrypt the information
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firewall
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hardware/software that guards a private network by analyzing the information leaving and entering the network
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hacker
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people very knowledgeable about computers who use their knowledge to invade other people's computers
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hoaxes
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attack computer systems by transmitting a virus hoax, with a real virus attached
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information security
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a broad term encompassing the protection of information from accidental or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization
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insider
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legitimate users who purposely or accidentally misuse their access to the environment and cause some kind of business-affecting incident
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intrusion detection software
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searches out patterns in information and network traffic to indicate attacks and quickly responds to prevent any harm
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malicious code
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includes a variety of threats such as viruses, worms, and Trojan horses
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packet tampering
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altering the contents of packets as they travel over the internet or altering data on computer disks after penetrating a network
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phishing
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technique to gain personal information for the purpose of identity theft, usually by means of fraudulent email
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smart card
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a device that is around the same size as a credit card, containing embedded technologies that can store information and small amounts of software to perform some limited processing
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sniffer
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a program or device that can monitor data traveling over a network
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social engineering
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using one's social skills to trick people into revealing access credentials or other information valuable to the attacker
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spoofing
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the forging of the return address on an email so that the email message appears to come from someone other than the actual sender
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spyware
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software that comes hidden in free downloadable software and tracks online movements, mines the information stored on a computer, or uses a computer's CPU and storage for some task the user knows nothing about
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token
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small electronic devices that change user passwords automatically
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trojan-horse virus
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hides inside other software, usually as an attachment or a downloadable file
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virus
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software written with malicious intent to cause annoyance or damage
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worm
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a type of virus that spreads itself, not only from file to file, but also from computer to computer
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bytecode
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mostly translated computer code made available to users for download
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