Isu Bsc 181 Exam 5 - Spinal Nerves

Front 1

There are how many pairs of mixed spinal nerves?

Back 1

31

Front 2

There are 8 ___________ nerves in the spinal cord.

Back 2

Cervical

Front 3

There are 12 __________ nerves in the spinal cord.

Back 3

Thoracic

Front 4

There are 5 __________ nerves and 5_________ nerves in the spinal cord.

Back 4

Lumbar and sacral

Front 5

There is only one ___________ nerve in the spinal cord.

Back 5

coccygeal

Front 6

Each spinal nerve connects to the spinal cord via two _______________ roots and each root forms a series of rootlets that attach to the ______________.

Back 6

medial roots / spinal cord

Front 7

Ventral roots arise from where? And contain what type of fibers?

Back 7

arise from the anterior horn and contain motor (efferent) fibers

Front 8

Dorsal roots arise from where? And contain what type of fibers?

Back 8

arise from sensory neurons int the dorsal root ganglion and contain sensory (afferent) fibers

Front 9

What are Rami?

Back 9

short spinal nerves that branch into three or four mixed distal rami

Front 10

Where do Rami communicate from?

Back 10

the base of the ventral rami in the thoracic region of the spinal cord

Front 11

What are nerve plexuses?

Back 11

nerve networks

Front 12

What nerves come off of the cervical plexus?

Back 12

ventral rami C1-C4

Front 13

What is the most important cervical plexus and why?

Back 13

phrenic nerve because it is the major motor and sensory nerve of the diaphragm

Front 14

What nerves come off of the brachial plexus and what does the brachial plexus do?

Back 14

C5-T1 and it gives rise to the nerves in the upper limbs

Front 15

What are the four major branches of the brachial plexus?

Back 15

-Roots
-Trunks (upper middle lower)
-Divisions (anterior and posterior that serve the front and back of the limb)
-Cords (lateral medial and posterior)

Front 16

What are the five brachial plexus nerves?

Back 16

-Axillary
-Musculocutaneous
-Median
-Ulnar
-Radial

Front 17

What nerves come off of the lumbar plexus? What do they do? And what are the two major nerves associated?

Back 17

L1-L4 /
-innervates the thigh abdominal wall and the psoas muscles
-femoral and obturator

Front 18

What nerves come off of the sacral plexus? What do they do?

Back 18

L4-S4
-serves the buttocks and lower limbs

Front 19

What is the longest and thickest nerve of the body? And what are the two sub-nerves it is composed of?

Back 19

The sciatic nerve is composed of the tibial and fibular nerves

Front 20

What are the five main components of the reflex arc?

Back 20

-Receptor (site of stimulus)
-Sensory Neuron (transmits afferent impulses to CNS) -Integration Center (either monosynaptic or polysynaptic regions within the CNS)
-Motor Neuron (conducts efferent impulses from integration center to effector)
-Effector (muscle fiber or gland that responds to the efferent impule)

Front 21

____________ activates the muscle fiber and there is an increased rate of action potential.

Back 21

stretching

Front 22

______________ reflexes use afferent stimuli while ____________ reflexes use efferent stimuli.

Back 22

Golgi Tendon / muscle spindle

Front 23

In the golgi tendon reflex the contacting muscle relaxes and the ____________ contracts.

Back 23

antagonist

Front 24

Plantar reflex is initiated by stimulating what?

Back 24

sole of the foot

Front 25

Autonomic Nervous System contains what type of neurons? Sensory or Motor

Back 25

Motor

Front 26

What are the effectors in the ANS?(3)

Back 26

-cardiac muscles
-smooth muscles
-glands

Front 27

What are the effectors of the SNS?

Back 27

skeletal muscles

Front 28

In the ANS the pregagionic is the ________ neuron and has a lightly myelinated axon.

Back 28

1st

Front 29

In the ANS the postganglionic is the _________ neuron and extends to an effector organ.

Back 29

2nd

Front 30

What are the two divisions of the ANS and what do they do?

Back 30

-Sympathetic (mobilizes the body during extreme situations / fight or flight)
-Parasympathetic (performs body maintenance / rest and digest)

Front 31

How many total ganglia are there?

Back 31

23 (3 / 11 / 4 / 4 / 1)

Front 32

Postganglionic axons enter the ventral rami via __________ rami.

Back 32

gray rami (sweat glands)

Front 33

Rami communicantes are associated only with what division?

Back 33

sympathetic

Front 34

What organs do the post ganglionis fibers serve?(5)

Back 34

-stomach
-intestines
-liver
-spleen
-kidneys

Front 35

Where are nicotinic receptors found?

Back 35

motor end plates

Front 36

What type of impulses activate the kidneys to release rennin?

Back 36

sympathetic impulses

Front 37

What are the centers of hypothalamic control? (4)

Back 37

-Heart activity / blood pressure
-Body temp
-Emotional stages
-reactions to fear

Front 38

What is rennin?

Back 38

an enzyme that promotes increased blood pressure