Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
System
|
a group of interrelated components that work together to cheive a desired result
|
|
|
Information system
|
Arrangement of people, data, processes, and info tech that interact to collect, process, store and provide as output the info needed to support an org
|
|
|
Information technology
|
describes a combination of computer tech (hardware & software) with telecommunications technology
|
|
|
Transaction processing system (TPS)
|
An info system that captures and processes data about business transactions
|
|
|
Management information system (MIS)
|
An info system that provides for management-oriented reporting based on transactions processing and operations of the org
|
|
|
Decision support system (DSS)
|
an info system that either helps to identify decision making opportunities or provides info to make decisions
|
|
|
Expert system
|
an info system that captures the expertise of workers and then stimulates that expertise to the benefit of non-workers
|
|
|
Communications & collaboration system
|
an info system that enables more efffective communication between workers, partner, customers and suppliers to enhance their ability to collaborate
|
|
|
Office automation system
|
an info system that supports the wide range of business office activities that provide for improved work flow between workers
|
|
|
Stakeholder
|
any person who has an interest in an existing or proposed info system. Can be technical or nontechnical workers. They may also include internal & external workers.
|
|
|
Information workers
|
people whole jobs involve the creation, collection, processing, distribution and use of info
|
|
|
Knowledge workers
|
a subset of info workers whole responsibilities are based on a specialized body of knowledge
|
|
|
System owners
|
an info systems sponser and executive advocate, usually responsible for funding the project of developing, operating and maintaining the info system
|
|
|
System users
|
a "customer" who will use or is affected by an info system on a regular basis- capturing, validating, entering, responding to, storing and exchanging info and data
|
|
|
Internal system users
|
clerical workers, technical & professional staff, supervisors, middle managers and executives
|
|
|
External system users
|
customers, suppliers, partners, and employees (as remote users & mobile users)
|
|
|
System designer
|
a technical specialist who translates system users' biz reqmts & constraints into a technical solution. Designs databases, inputs, outputs, screen, networks and software that will meet the customer's needs
|
|
|
System builder
|
a technical specialist who constructs info systems & components based on the design specifications made by the system designers
|
|
|
Systems analyst
|
A specialist who studies the problems & needs of an org to determine how people, data, processes and and IT can best accomplish improvements for the biz
|
|
|
Programmer analyst
|
includes the responsibilities of a computer programmer and a systems analyst
|
|
|
Business analyst
|
focuses on only the non-techincal aspects of systems analyst & design
|
|
|
Problems that need solving mean:
|
problem solving real problems, opportunities to improve a system before complaints and directives to change the system regardless of whether someone complained
|
|
|
Skills needed by a systems analyst:
|
working knowledge of IT, computer programming experience & expertise, general biz knowledge, general probelm solving skills, good interpersonal communication skills, good interpersonal relation skills, flexability & adaptability, character & ethics
|
|
|
External service provider (ESP)
|
a systems analyst, designer or builder who sells their expertise to other businesses to help them to help them purchase, design or intergrate their info systems
|
|
|
Project manager
|
experience person who accepts responsibility for planning, monitoring and controlling projects w/ respect to schedule, budget, deliverables, customer satisfaction, techincal standards and system quality
|
|
|
Business drivers for today's info systems:
|
globalization of the economy, e-commerce & biz, security & privacy, collaboration & partnership, knowledge asset management, continuous improvement & total quality management, business process redesign
|
|
|
Globalization impact on info systems
|
many languages, currency exchange, biz cultures, consolidation of international data, demand for players who can communicate & speak mult languages
|
|
|
E-commerce & E-business impact on info systems
|
most new info systems designed on an internet architecture, the choice of client operating system is becoming less imp
|
|
|
Security & privacy impact on info systems
|
info systems must incorporate stringent controls to help protect sensitive data and also allow a biz to continue functioning in a crisis
|
|
|
Collaboration & partnership impact on info systems
|
the is a need for a secure external server that will allow the safe flow of information between businesses and suppliers
|
|
|
Data
|
raw facts about people, places, events and things that are imp in an org
|
|
|
Information
|
data that has been processed or reorganized into a more meaningful form for someone
|
|
|
Knowledge
|
data and info that is further refined by facts, truth, beliefs, expertise and experience of the recipient
|
|
|
Knowledge asset management
|
recognizes that data, info and knowledge are critical biz resources, asks how can the org share and collect info for a competative advantage
|
|
|
Business processes
|
tasks to respond to biz events (e.g. an order). The work, procedures and rules required to complete the biz task independent of IT
|
|
|
Continuous process improvement (CPI)
|
the continuous monitoring of the biz to effect small but measurable improvements to cost and quality
|
|
|
Total quality management (TQM)
|
a comprehensive approach to facilitating quality improvements and management within a biz
|
|
|
Business process redesign (BPR)
|
the study, analysis and redesign of fundamental biz processes to reduce costs/add value. (more substantial than CPI)
|
|
|
Tech drivers for today's IS
|
networks & the internet, mobile technologies, wireless, object technologies, collaborative technologies, enterprise applications
|
|
|
Networks & the internet
|
networks include mainframe time-sharing systems, network servers and a variety of computers
|
|
|
Mobile & wireless technology's impact on IS
|
wireless connectivity must be assumed, small screen size must be considered
|
|
|
Object technology
|
a software technology that defines a system in terms of objects that consolidate data and behavior into objects. Objects are reusible and extensible
|
|
|
Object oriented analyst & design
|
a collection of tools & techniques for systems development that will utilize object technologies to construct a system and its software
|
|
|
Agile development
|
A system development strategy in which system developers are given the flexability to select from a variety of tools & techniques to accomplish the tasks at hand
|
|
|
Collaborative technologies
|
those activities that enhance interpersonal communication and team work (email/IM/group ware/group flow)
|
|
|
Enterprise applications
|
these are the core applications that almost every company needs. they can be customized. (financial mgmt, HR, sales)
|
|
|
Systems integration
|
the process of building a unified IS out of diverse components of purchase software, custom software, hardware & networking
|
|
|
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
|
a software app that fully integrates info systems that span most of our core biz functions--built around a common database of shared biz functions
|
|
|
Supply chain management (SCM)
|
a software app that optimizes biz processes for raw material procurement thru finished product distribution bu intergrating the logistical info systems of orgs w/ those of their suppliers & distributers
|
|
|
Core relationship management (CRM)
|
a software app that provides customers w/ access to a biz's processes thru intial inquiry into postsale support
|
|
|
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)
|
the process & technologies used to link apps to support the flow of data & info btwn those apps
|
|
|
Middleware
|
software (usually purchased) to translate and route data btwn diff applications
|
|
|
System development process
|
a set of activities, methods, best practices, deliverables & automated tools that stakeholders use to develop & maintain info systems & software
|
|
|
General problem solving approach:
|
1. identify problem 2. analyze/understand problem 3. Identify solution rqmts 4. Identify alternative solutions & choose best option 5. Design solution 6. Implement solution 7. Evaluate results
|
|
|
Simple system development process
|
System Initiation. System Analysis. System Design. System Implementation.
|
|
|
System initiation
|
initial planning for a project to define initial biz scope, goals, schedule & budget
|
|
|
System analysis
|
the study of a biz problem domain to recommend improvements & specify the biz reqmts and priorities for the solution
|
|
|
System design
|
the specification or construction of a technical, computer-based solution for the biz reqmts identified in a systems analysis
|
|
|
System implementation
|
the construction, installation, testing & delivery of a system into production
|
|
|
Project management
|
the activity of defining, planning, directing, monitoring, & controlling a project to develop an acceptable solution within the allotted time & budget
|
|
|
Process management
|
the ongoing activity that defines, improves, and coordinates the use of an org's chosen methodology & standards for all system development projects
|
