Ism3003 - Foundations Of Mis - Final

Front 1

What is a computer network?

Back 1

-two or more computers connected

--so that they can communicate with each other and share information, software, peripheral devices, and/or processing power

Front 2

Describe four principles of networks

Back 2

1. must have a network interface card
2. must have a connecting device (router, hub, etc)
3. must have communication media (cable, wifi)
4. must have networking software (network operating system)

Front 3

What is a network interface card (NIC)?

Back 3

*an expansion card or PC card that connects your computer to a network

Front 4

What is the most common type of network interface card?

Back 4

Ethernet Card

Front 5

Describe the role of communications media in a computer network

Back 5

*transferring information between a computer and a computer network

Front 6

What are examples of wireless communications media?

Back 6

-WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)
-Bluetooth

Front 7

What are examples of wired communications media?

Back 7

-Cat 5 (Category 5) cable
-Coaxial Cable

Front 8

How is a DSL Internet connection different from a Dial Up connection?

Back 8

-higher bandwidth
-CAN use the phone while on the internet

Front 9

List the three types of networks

Back 9

-Local Area Network (LAN)
-Wide Area Network (WAN)
-Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Front 10

Network that serves a building or buildings in a contiguous area is a _________

Back 10

Local Area Network (LAN)

Front 11

A set of connected networks serving areas not immediately contiguous is a __________

Back 11

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Front 12

A set of connected networks within the same city or metropolitan area but not in immediate proximity to each other is a ________

Back 12

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Front 13

Local Area Network (LAN)

Back 13

-Smallest network
-home or 1 office building

Example: College of Business network

Front 14

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Back 14

-Largest

Example: Internet

Front 15

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Back 15

-Medium sized

Example: Banks in Tallahassee

Front 16

What is bandwidth?

Back 16

*amount of information that can be transferred in a given amount of time

-Usually expressed as bits per second (bps)
--Higher bandwidth can be expressed as Kbps, Mbps, or Gbps

Front 17

What is a Hub?

Back 17

*device that connects computers together and pass messages by repeating all network transmissions to EVERY connected computer

-Every message is sent to EVERY connected computer

Front 18

What is a Router?

Back 18

*device to connect computers together to share Internet service, hardware devices, and software in a home or small office

Front 19

What is a Switch?

Back 19

*device that connects computers and repeats transmissions only to INTENDED recipient

Front 20

What is the main difference between a hub and a switch?

Back 20

-SWITCH sends message to 1

-HUB sends message to ALL

Front 21

What impact does Frame Relay have on a metropolitan area network (MAN)?

Back 21

-Reduces the amount of lines that connect buildings

Front 22

What is electronic commerce?

Back 22

*commerce, but it is commerce accelerated and enhanced by IT

-Build powerful new relationships with customers, suppliers, and partners

Front 23

What are the 2 most prominent e-commerce business models?

Back 23

-Business to Business (B2B)
-Business to Consumer (B2C)

Front 24

What are the four main e-commerce business models?

Back 24

-B2B
-B2C
-C2B
-C2C

Front 25

What is the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

Back 25

*structured step-by-step approach for developing information systems

Front 26

What are the seven steps in the SDLC?

Back 26

1. Planning
2. Analysis
3. Design
4. Development
5. Testing
6. Implementation
7. Maintenance

Front 27

What are the primary activities for Phase 1: Planning?

Back 27

1. Define the system to be developed
2. Set the project scope
3. Develop the detailed project plan including tasks, resources, and timeframes

Front 28

What are the primary activities for Phase 2: Analysis?

Back 28

1. Gather the business requirements
2. Prioritize the requirements

Front 29

What are the primary activities for Phase 3: Design?

Back 29

1. Design the technical architecture
2. Design system models

Front 30

What are the primary activities for Phase 4: Development?

Back 30

1. Build the technical architecture
2. Build the database and programs

Front 31

What are the primary activities for Phase 5: Testing?

Back 31

1. Write the test conditions
2. Perform the testing of the system

Front 32

What are the primary activities for Phase 6: Implementation?

Back 32

1. Write detailed user documentation
2. Provide training for the system users (e.g., online training, workshop training)

Front 33

What are the primary activities for Phase 7: Maintenance

Back 33

1. Build a help desk to support the system users
2. Provide an environment to support system changes

Front 34

What is the Planning phase?

Back 34

*involves determining a solid plan for developing a new system

Front 35

What is the Analysis phase?

Back 35

*involves end users and IT specialists working together to gather, understand, and document the business requirements for the proposed system

Front 36

What is the Design phase?

Back 36

*build a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work

Front 37

What is the Development phase?

Back 37

*take all of your detailed design documents from the design phase and transform them into an actual system

Front 38

What is the Testing phase?

Back 38

*verifies that the system works and meets all of the business requirements defined in the analysis phase

Front 39

What is the Implementation phase?

Back 39

*distribute the system to all of the knowledge workers and they begin using the system to perform their everyday jobs

Front 40

What is the Maintenance phase?

Back 40

*monitor and support the new system to ensure it continues to meet the business goals

Front 41

What is a Critical success factor (CSF)?

Back 41

*a factor critical to your organization’s success

Front 42

Describe how a critical success factor can be used in SDLC

Back 42

-Used in the planning phase
-Allow the company to strategically decide which system to develop

Front 43

Setting the project scope can help you avoid two problems. What are the two problems?

Back 43

avoiding:

-scope creep
-feature creep

Front 44

When does a Scope Creep occur?

Back 44

*occurs when the scope of the project increases beyond its original intentions

Front 45

When does a Feature Creep occur?

Back 45

*occurs when developers add extra features that were not part of the initial requirements

Front 46

How does a project plan help the project manager do his/her job?

Back 46

-defines the what, when, and who questions of system development including all activities to be performed, the individuals, or resources, who will perform the activities, and the time required to complete each activity

Front 47

In what step in the SDLC do you define business requirements?

Back 47

Analysis

Front 48

How do you define business requirements?

Back 48

*you must talk to everyone that has a claim; similar to an investigation

-uses a joint application development

Front 49

Will a project be successful if you miss business requirements?

Back 49

No, when reviewing the business requirements it is the cost to the company of fixing errors.

An error found during analysis phase is relatively inexpensive to fix.

Front 50

What are the benefits of online training?

Back 50

-Employees perform the training at any time, on their own computers, and at their own pace

Front 51

What is Business process outsourcing (BPO)?

Back 51

*using a contractual service to completely manage, deliver and operate one or more (typically IT or call center-intensive) business processes or functions

Front 52

What is Onshore outsourcing?

Back 52

*the process of engaging another company WITHIN THE SAME COUNTRY for services

Front 53

What is Nearshore outsourcing?

Back 53

*contracting an outsourcing arrangement with a company in a NEARBY COUNTRY

Front 54

What is Offshore outsourcing?

Back 54

*contracting with a company that is GEOGRAPHICALLY FAR AWAY

Front 55

What is an IT infrastructure?

Back 55

*is the implementation of an IT architecture

IT infrastructure components:
-Hardware (Personal computer, server, etc.)
-Software (Windows, MS office, DBMS, etc.)
-Network
-Information

Front 56

What is Flexibility?

Back 56

*refers to the system’s ability change quickly

-A flexible IT system can perform a function in a number of different ways

Front 57

What is a Legacy information system (LIS)?

Back 57

*represents a massive, long-term business investment; such systems are often brittle, slow, and nonextensible

Front 58

Define “Business Agility”

Back 58

-Business agility means being prepared for change at a moment’s notice

Front 59

What is an enterprise system?

Back 59

*a large software application that organizations use to manage their operations

Key way to distribute information to:
-Workforce
-Suppliers
-Customers

Front 60

What are the four (4) IT infrastructure components?

Back 60

-Hardware (Personal computer, server, etc.)
-Software (Windows, MS office, DBMS, etc.)
-Network
-Information

Front 61

What is an IT architecture?

Back 61

-An IT architecture is the blueprint for translating a business strategy into a technology plan

Front 62

What does an IT architecture defines?

Back 62

-How IT infrastructure will look
-How IT infrastructure's components (data, software, hardware, and enterprise systems) interrelate
-Where and how information will be located and accessed

Front 63

What are the four types of information technology infrastructures?

Back 63

-Decentralized infrastructure
-Centralized infrastructure
-Distributed infrastructure
-Client/server infrastructure

Front 64

What is a centralized infrastructure?

Back 64

*A centralized infrastructure involves sharing of information systems in one central area

Major disadvantage: Inflexibility

Front 65

What is a decentralized infrastructure?

Back 65

-Each department within a company has its own hardware and software to meet the specific needs of the department
-Little or no sharing of information systems

Front 66

What is the difference between centralized and decentralized architecture?

Back 66

-decentralized infrastructure has little to no sharing

Front 67

What is a distributed infrastructure?

Back 67

*involves distributing the information and processing power of IT systems via a network

-all locations can share information and applications

Front 68

What is a client/server infrastructure (or client/server network)?

Back 68

*has one or more computers that are servers which provide services to other computers, called clients

-The client/server infrastructure is a form of distributed infrastructure

Front 69

What is Reliability?

Back 69

*Reliability ensures your IT systems are functioning correctly and providing accurate information

Front 70

What is Scalability?

Back 70

*Scalability refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands

Front 71

Describe an IT infrastructure that is flexible and scalable and supports a changing business?

Back 71

*system that can adapt to increased demands, and changes quickly if needed

Front 72

What is system integration?

Back 72

*allows separate applications to communicate directly with each other by automatically exporting data files from one application and importing to another

-helps an organization maintain better control of its infrastructure

Front 73

What is the primary reason for system integration?

Back 73

*Organizations might have a separate IT system for each department, sometimes ending up with hundreds of different systems that do not communicate with each other

-System integration brings together previously isolated information systems with the goal of providing a more complete and effective information resource for the whole organization

Front 74

What are the seven (7) “ilities”

Back 74

1. Availability
2. Accessibility
3. Reliability
4. Scalability
5. Flexibility
6. Performance
7. Capacity planning

Front 75

What is Availability?

Back 75

*is determining when an IT system will be available for employees to access

Front 76

What is Accessibility?

Back 76

*is determining who has the right to access different types of IT systems and information

-Accessibility also means who can access or manipulate the information, whether they can create, read, update, and/or delete information

Front 77

What is Performance?

Back 77

*measures how quickly an IT system performs a certain process

Front 78

What is Capacity planning?

Back 78

*Capacity planning determines the future IT infrastructure requirements for new equipment and additional network capacity

-It’s cheaper for an organization to implement an IT infrastructure that considers capacity growth at the beginning of a system deployment

Front 79

What is an Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system?

Back 79

*software systems for business management, supporting areas such as planning, manufacturing, sales, marketing, distribution, accounting, financial, human resource management, project management, inventory management, service and maintenance, transportation, and e-business

Front 80

What does an Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system allow?

Back 80

*ERP systems enable companies to integrate and coordinate their business functions
--Ensure that information can be shared across all areas in a company

-Also, ERP system allow companies to implement a single integrated system replacing legacy information systems

Front 81

What are so pro's and con's of an Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system?

Back 81

Pro's:
-Reliable information access
-Avoid redundant data and operations
-Cost reduction

Con's:
-Time-consuming
-Expensive

Front 82

What is mass customization?

Back 82

*the ability of an organization to give its customers the opportunity to tailor its products or services
Examples:
Dell – customized computer purchases
Apple iTunes – only the music you want (not necessarily the whole album)

--Gives a business a competitive advantage

Front 83

What are direct materials?

Back 83

*materials that are used in production in a manufacturing company or are placed on the shelf for sale in retail environments

-Relate directly to a company’s primary business activities
-Quality, quantity, and delivery timing are important

Front 84

What is Electronic data interchange (EDI)?

Back 84

*direct computer-to-computer transfer of transaction information in standard business documents, such as invoices and purchase orders, in a standard format

Front 85

What is a Financial EDI?

Back 85

*an electronic process used primarily within B2B for the payment of purchases

Front 86

What is a reverse auction? How does it work?

Back 86

*process in which a buyer posts its interests in buying items and sellers compete by submitting successively lower bids

-The lowest bidder wins

Front 87

What are maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) materials (indirect materials)?

Back 87

*materials necessary for running a company but do not relate to the company’s primary business activities

Examples:
-Office supplies, repair parts
-Similar to convenience and commoditylike items in B2C

Front 88

What is a Horizontal e-marketplace?

Back 88

*connects buyers and sellers across many industries

-Primarily for MRO materials (indirect materials)

Front 89

What is a Vertical e-marketplace?

Back 89

*connects buyers and sellers in a given industry

-Primarily for direct materials

Front 90

What can a marketing mix include for a B2C e-commerce business?

Back 90

-Registering with search engines
-Online ads
-Viral marketing
-Affiliate programs

Front 91

What are the major types of B2C e-commerce payment systems?

Back 91

-Credit cards
-Financial cybermediaries
-Electronic checks
-Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment
-Smart cards

Front 92

How do convenience and specialty items differ in the B2C e-commerce business model?

Back 92

Convenience
-Lower priced
-Purchased frequently
-Example: common food items

Specialty
-Higher priced
-Purchased less frequently
-Example: Stereos, computers, furniture