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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Islam: Origins
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1. Islam begins w/ Adam & Eve
2. Follows the line Hebraic prophets 3. Mohammad as the seal of the prophets |
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Islam
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1. comes from the Arabic word for peace: silm
2. Literal translation "to submit peacefully" 3.A muslim is one that submits to God 4. Peace is necessary to enter paradise |
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Themes in the Quar'an(Monothesim)
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1. Characteristics of Allah
2. Relationship to Allah (submission to Allah) 3. Last judgement: paradise in hell 4. Prophets & revelation 5. Social law & reform 6. War 7. Accountability |
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Mohammad's miracle (the qur'an)
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1. 114 chapters of Shrahs begins w/the Fatihah (opening)
2. Goes from longest to shortest 3. Three divisions: Meccan, intermediary, Medinian 4. tansmitted Orally, completed in 650 CE |
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The Fatihah
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1. Summary of man's relationship to Allah
2. Need for contemplation & prayer 3. Importance of praise 4. Petition Allah for help |
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Sunnah
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1. Examples of the prophets
2. Recorded in books known as Hadith (tradition) 3. 3 reputable collections each containing 1,000's of Hadith 4. Matn: Text & Isnad: Chain 5. Shi'a only except Hadith from the house of the prophet |
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Beliefs
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1. Any who denieth a law, his angels, his books, his messangers and the day of judgement hath gone far, far astray. Surah 4:13
2. A law 3. Prophets 4. Revelation |
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Mohammad
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1. Born in Mecca 570 CE
2. Married @ age 25 to Kahadija 3. Merchant by trade, illiterate 4. Received 1st revelation in 610 CE @ age 40 from Gabriel until death 5. Migrated to Yathrib in 622 CE, begins the Muslim calander 6. Series of Miltary campaigns (3 wars in 4 yrs) 7. Died in Medina 632 CE |
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Allah
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1. Say: "He is Allah, the one and only, Allah, the eternal, absolute, he begetteth not, nor is he begotten; & there is none unlike unto him
2. Arabic word for God 3. Can not be made plural 4. Denotes Monothesim: Againist Idolotry & images. Allah is a non human being 5. 99 names or attributes. Primary characteristics are mercy and Justice |
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Supernatural beings
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1. Angels (Diff types, recorders)
2. Demons (Satan, Ibils) 3. Jinn |
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Prophets
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1. over 124,000 & 313 messangers
2. 25 mentioned in Qur'an 3. Role of prophets: to inform & maintain morality |
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Books
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1. Qur'an- Mohammaed
2. gospels- Jesus 3. Torrah- Moses 4. Psalms- David 5. Scrolls- Abraham 6. Scrolls of Noah |
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The 5 pillars
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I. Shahada
II. Prayer III. Charity (Zakat) IV. Fasting (Sawm) V. Hajj (pilgramige to Mecca) |
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I. Shahada
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1. No God but Allah & Mohammad is his messanger
2. confession of faith 3. Initiation Rite 4. Emphasis of Muhammad is contextual 5. Repitition of regulated prayer w/ sincerity |
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II. Prayer
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1. Salat: Regulated obligation
2. 5 times a day 3. Pray anywhere, preferably in Mosque, & must face Mecca 4. Ablution (Wudu) 5. An audience w/ God: Allah Akbar, God is great 6. Remember the Creator, best form of worship 7. Du'a: Spontaneous prayer |
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III. Charity (Zakat)
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1. Obligatory & specific
2. 2.5 % of what remains after a year's worth of bills and debt 3. Wealth is a gift from god & is held in trust 4. To support those in community 5. To purify property & heart of contributor |
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IV. Fasting (Sawm)
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1. During 9th month of Islamic calander
2. Dawn till dusk: Crescent to new moon 3. No food or water, break w/ a modest meal 4. Must make up days missed by giving food or fasting in another month 5. Month in which the Qur'an was revealed 6. Eid al-fitr: 1 of 2 Holidays |
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V. Hojj (pilgramige to mecca)
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1. Abraham established rites, Muhammad revived them
2. Takes place in the 12 month 3. Every Muslim once in their life 4. Commemoration of the Patriarch 5. Peace is a dominant theme w/ all 6. center is the Ka'aba, the 1st temple dedicated to God 7. Eid al-adha: 2nd Muslim holiday |