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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Quraysh
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town in Mecca where Mohammed was born
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Khadija
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MOhammed's first wife
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Gabriel
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Angel that tells MOhammed that he is to be the prophet to Allah/God
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Ali
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Mohammed's cousin/son-in-law
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Yathrib
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(today Medina) Mohammed moved here to start up in 622CE. Hijra (immigration) to Yathrib. Muslims become a community.
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Hijra
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immigration from Mecca to Medina 622
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Constitution of Medina
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Said all disputes to be brought to Mohammed
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Battle of Badr
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Started as a caravan raid, turned into a battle, Mohammed won, Great victory, pivotal point
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Sunna
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"way" or "custom" everything Mohammed did in his life, model of conduct for muslims
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Matn
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text of sunna
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Isnad
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Chain of transmission,citations that establish the legitimacy of the hadith
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Hadith
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traditions relating to the sayings and doings of the Muhammad.
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Buraq
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Winged horse mohammed rides to Jeruselum with Gabriel before asending to heaven
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5 Pillars
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Shahada, Salat, Sawm, Zakat, Hajj
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Shahada
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Witness to faith, declaration of belief in the oneness of God
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4 "righteously guided" Caliphes
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Abu bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali, followers and companions of mohammed
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Umayyads Dynasty
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Founded by Mu'ayya in 661CE, centered in Syria, Sunnis
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Kharijites
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assasinated Ali, Most radical,
to be muslim need faith and actions |
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Murji'ites
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Faith, not judgement, only god can judge
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Traditionalists
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Can be a better or worse muslim depending on your actions
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Qadarites
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Judgement can be made, levels muslim, hypocrite, nonmuslim, absolute jsutice of god (free will)
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Takfir
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to declare someone a non muslim
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Wahhabi/ Salagi Islam
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Believe ways of Mohammed no longer apply to the modern world
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Mahdi
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Person who will lead battles against evil upon the end of the world
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Mutazilites
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Came from Qadarites, emphasis on free will, suggest qur'an created in time (philosophy)
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Kalam
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speech put into the form of debate
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Abu Lahab
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contemporary of Mohammed, enemy
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Anthropomorphism
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describing god in human terms
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Ash'ari
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says Qur'an literal, God actually has a hand
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Mutalilites
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Believed God's hand is power
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Shahada
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Witness to faith, oneness of God
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Salat
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prayer five times a day
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Sawm
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Fasting
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Hajj
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pilgrimmage to Mecca
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Zakat
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charity, 2.5% of yearly earnings
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roots of law
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qur'an, sunna, Ijma (consensus), Quiyas (analogy)
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Sufism
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pursuit of a direct perception of spiritual truth or God, esoteric rather than exoteric focus
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