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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kaaba
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Shrine Founded by Abraham- believed to be the place where he was going to sacrifice his son.
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Hubal
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The Moon God- many believed that Allah was the moon God but It is not true. You have to prayto Hubal to get to Allah. Major God of the Kaaba.
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Al Lat
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(DAUGHTER OF ALLAH)“The Goddess- the female counterpart of Allah”
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Hanifites
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(monotheists) “Hanifites”, Arabs that believed in “Al-Lah” as the One God, but felt he had not revealed himself in Arabic. They don’t worship the daughters of Allah. They feel they don’t know or understand Allah but they worship him as God.
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Abu Talib
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Uncle of Muhammad.
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Abdullah ibn Abi Muttalib
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a Hanifite,was keeper of Kaaba, rediscovers well of Zam Zam. Grandfather of Muhammad.
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Muhammad
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A religious leader from Mecca who unified Arabia into a single religion under Islam. Believed to be a messenger and prophet of god.
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Khadidjah
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She is Muhammad’s boss. She likes Muhammad so much that she proposes to him. 25-40
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Ramadan
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A month of fasting for Muslims.
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Tawhid
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The central teaching of Islam (Unity, monotheisim, God is just)
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Din al Fitrah
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All souls have seen God before birth and have attested to Tawhid but then we are born and we forget because we are taken over in our minds by superfial things in life. That is why God sends the prophets. So, even when we read the Quran it brings back memories that we lost.
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Kufr
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Unbelief. We forget God, means covered.
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Quran
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The religious text of Islam.The angel Gabriel comes to speak to Muhhamad and speaks the Quran to him over 22 years, and they are supposedly the direct words of God.
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Tawil
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(intuitive) interpretation of Quran
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Al Insan
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Mankind. Made of Clay. God breathed life into. Humans are morally responsible.
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Nabi
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Are Prophets in a general sense. They remind people of Tawhīd WARN & REMIND
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High level prophets: Rbasul
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Rbasul = “Messenger” (there has been 3. With their own book)He gives a scripture, law, and a lifestyle.
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Sunnah
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Practices of the prophet.
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Ahl al Kitab (People of the Book)
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Muslims believe in Jesus but don’t believe he is God, they believe that Christians err when they make him God.
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Angels
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The perfect celestially beings that God created to worship him.
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Jinn- (pl Jinni)
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Beings that are similar to humans that are not bound to time and can change forms(smoleless fire). Created alongside angels to worship God. Jinn refuse to worship anyone but God.
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Iblis
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(a jinn) Iblis says mankind is a tyrant, forgetful, and will curse in your face. He sets off to prove this. Refuses to bow and becomes humankind‟s open enemy.
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The Mahdi
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the Mahdi is the prophesied redeemer of Islam who will rule for seven, nine or nineteen years- before the Day of Judgment and will rid the world of evil.
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Five PillarsShahaddah: Witness
Salat: Prayer Sawm: Ramadan Fast Zakat: Purification, Alms Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca |
* The fundamental components of the Islamic faith.
Prayer Ramadan Fast Purification, Alms Pilgrimage to Mecca |
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Ahl al Bayt (People of the Household)
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the term refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Ghadir Khumm
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A place they had to stop on the way to mecca. People were making fun of Ali, and Muhammad basically told them that Ali was to be the leader.
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Rashidun: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali.
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is a term used in Sunni Islam to refer to the first four caliphs after the Prophet Muhammad who established the Rashidun Caliphate.
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Mawla
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Master or client
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Siffin
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The battle of Siffin- This is where the sunis and the shunis split. Ali has won the battle and a guy says lets negotiate. Ali is assassinated by a “Kharijite”.
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Karbala
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Where Husayn is martyred. This where the split is made permanent.
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Imams
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People who claim to be decendents of Muhammad. have an innate authority to interpret the Qur’an.
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Husayn ibn Ali
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The son of Ali ibn Abi Ṭalib (final Rashidun Caliph and first Shia Imam)
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Shiites %
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15% of Islamics
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Zaydis
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(5ers) Known as “Fivers” Do not believe in “Hidden Imam” Believe any descendant of Ali can be Imam, but merit is more important than lineage
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Ismailis
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Is in occultation (He is believed to be the Mahdi) Not 5 but…7 pillars [ 1)Wilaya; 2)Tahara; 3)Salat;4) Zakat; 5)Sawm; 6)Hajj; 7) Jihad]
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Imamis (12ers)
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Largest group of Shiites. Official Religion of Iran since 1501 CE . “Mujtahids” [(Grand)Ayatollah; Hojjat al Islam] advise in absence of Imam al Mahdi
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JaHaDa
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Struggle or Effort
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“Ijtihad”
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[(individual) reasoning] has the same root.
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“Greater Jihad”
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Religious Struggle
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“Lesser Jihad”
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Defense of the faith, with arms if necessary.
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Sunnis %
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The largest sect of Islam. 85 to 90% of all Muslims
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Ahl al Sunnah
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people of tradition, anyone can be one.
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Kharjites
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various Muslims who, while initially supporting the authority of the final Rashidun Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, the son-in-law and cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, then later rejected his leadership.
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Sunni dynastys
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Ummayads
Abbasids Ottomans Moghuls safavids |
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Ulamah
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[The Learned] make legal rulings.
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Shariah
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Path to water
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Fiqh
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Jurisprudence
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THE LEGALS SCHOOLS
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Hanafi, Maliki, Shafa’i , Hanbali
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Usul al fiqh
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it simply refers to the question of what are the sources of Islamic law.
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The sources of Islamic law: Quran, Sunna, Qiyas, Consensus, and Ljtihad.
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1. Quran
2. Sunna (Found in the Hadith) = practices of Muhammad 3.Qiyas = Analogy 4.Ijma’ = Consensus 5. Ijtihad = Personal Reasoning |
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Kalam
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“Discourse”
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Mu’tazilites
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Taught that Revelation and Reason are completely compatible.
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Asharites
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Reason is an inadequate guide; God cannot be fathomed and is in no way bound by our experience.
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Sufism
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the inner, mystical dimension of Islam.
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