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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Allah
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contraction of the Arabic term “al ilah” which means “the God”
used by Muslims and Arabic speaking Christians and Jews to refer to God |
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Arafat
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Plain where the Talbiyah is recited
9th day of the Hajj, climax |
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Abu Bakr
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Sunnis regard him as Muhammad’s first rightful successor/ Caliph
senior disciple |
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Abu Talib
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Muhammad's uncle and guardian who never became a Muslim
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Al-Hudabiyyah
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Site of the treaty made between Meccans and Muslims in 628 CE
Muslims would not invade Meccans would allow Muslims to come once a year |
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Al Mahdi
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Future figure who will prepare the way for Jesus’ return prior to the resurrection
Unknown figure for Sunnis Hidden Imam named Muhammad Al Mahdi for Shi’ites |
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Caliphs
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Successors to Muhammad
not considered prophets but political leaders |
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Dhu-l-Hijjah
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Last month of the Islamic calendar year
month of the Hajj |
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Du'a
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Personal prayer in addition to Salat
similar to idea of personal prayer for LDS |
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Hadith
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traditions concerning the sayings or actions of Muhammad
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Hajj
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the pilgrimage to Mecca, which is to be made once in a person’s lifetime if financially and physically possible
one of 5 pillars |
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Hijra
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Muhammad's emigration from Mecca to Yathrib in 622 CE (Night Migration)
Marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar |
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Ihram
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two white cotton cloths worn by male Muslims on their pilgrimage to Mecca
Symbolic of the state of purity that all pilgrims assume while on the Hajj |
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Imam
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Prayer leader in all forms of Islam
One of the 12 Shi’ite leaders with both political and religious authority |
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Islam
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“submission”
surrender to God |
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Jihad
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literally meaning “striving” or “struggling” to serve god and the umma
sometimes involves armed struggle against outside aggression |
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Jinn
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in Arabic legend, a spirit often capable of assuming human or animal form with supernatural power (genie)
Good or bad (legends also contain angels and ghouls) |
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Ka'bah
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The black draped cubicle structure in Mecca which contains the black stone and which according to legend was built by Abraham and his son Ishmael
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Khadijah
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Muhammad's first wife
1st person to convert to Muslim very supportive |
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Marwah
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One of two small hills (the other=al Safa) located in Mecca, between which Muslims walk rapidly back and forth seven times during the Haji. (Sa’y)
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Mecca
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most sacred place in Islam
birthplace of Muhammad where Ka'bah is located |
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Medina
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Shortened from “Madinat Al-Nabi” meaning “city of the prophet"
second holiest site in Islam where Muhammad is buried Formerly Yathrib, to which Muhammad fled in 622 CE and ruled, establishing many basic institutions of Islam |
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Mihrab
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in a mosque, a niche or decorative panel designating the direction of the Ka’bah
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Mina
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Site half way between Mecca and Arafat where various ceremonies take place during the Hajj
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Minaret
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tower on a mosque from which the call to prayer is given
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Mosque
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means “place of prostration” for the ritual prayers
center for Islamic communal life where prayers are held, religious education conducted, and charitable service provided |
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Muezzin
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individual who gives call to prayer
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Muslim
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"one who submits to God"
One who practices Islam |
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Night Journey
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Journey in 620 CE when Muhammad was flown on a winged Barrak from Mecca to Jerusalem and then taken into the presence of God.
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Night Migration
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Escape from Mecca to Yathrib in 622.
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Night of Power
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Night of Muhammad’s call when Gabriel appeared to him
Mt. Hira 610 |
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Qur'an
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means "recitation" or "reading"
holy book of Islam, which is the mind and will of Allah delivered to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel |
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Quraysh
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dominant tribe of Mecca
It was both the tribe to which Muhammad belonged and his chief antagonist in the Muslim-Quraysh Wars |
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Safa'
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Al Safa and Al Marwa are two small hills located in Mecca, between which Muslims walk rapidly back and forth seven times during the Hajj. (Sa’y)
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Salat (Salah)
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prayers said 5 times a day
one of the 5 pillars |
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Sawm Ramadan
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fasting during the month of Ramadan (daylight)
Time of introspection, seeking forgiveness, almsgiving The 27th day of Ramada is the Night of Power One of the 5 pillars |
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Sa'y
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ritual walking quickly back and forth between the hills Marwah and Safa’ commemorating Hagar’s frantic search for water.
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Shahada
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the Muslim’s confession of faith: “there is no God but God and Muhammad is his messenger”
1st of the 5 pillars |
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Shari'a
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the all inclusive legal code of Islam
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Shi'ites
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Muslims who believe that leadership of the community should have passed to Muhammad's son in law Ali and should be hereditary
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Sufis
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Mystic group who try to recapture Muhammad’s experience of oneness with deity
Some become ascetic Spinning in rituals— “whirling dervishes” Among Sunnis and Shi'ites |
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Sunnis
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the majority sect of Islam who believe Abu Bakr was the rightful successor to Muhammad because he was the senior disciple. They reject the Shi’ite claim that lineage determines a person’s right to lead the umma
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Talbiyah
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Recitation on the plain of Arafat
"Here I am at Thy service O Lord, here I am. Here I am at Thy service and Thou hast no partners. Thine alone is All Praise and All Bounty, and Thine alone is The Sovereignty. Thou hast no partners." Climax of the Hajj |
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Umma
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the world wide community of Muslims
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Yathrib
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Original name of the city to which the prophet moved in 622 CE and which is now called Medina
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Zakat
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the practice of giving 2.5 percent of one’s accumulated wealth to support the umma, embodiment of the principle of charitable giving
one of the 5 pillars |
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Zamzam
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Well near the Ka’bah in Mecca which appeared in response to Hagar and Ishmael’s need for water
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