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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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American
or United StatesAppellation |
Classifies varietal or blended wines from anywhere in the USA
"Made in the USA" Like French Vin de Pays Not permitted to carry vintage |
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Multi-State Appellation
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USA
Classifies wines from any two or three contiguous states The percentage of wine from each seperate state must be clearly indicated |
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State Appellation
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USA
Classifies wines from one state At least 75% of grapes used must come from that one state (100% for California, 85% for Texas) |
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Multi-county Appellation
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USA
Classifies wiens from any 2 or 3 contiguous counties Percentage of wine from each county must be clearly labled |
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County Appellation
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USA
Classifies wine from any county within a state 75% of grapes must come from the stated county |
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American Viticultural Area
(AVA) |
USA
"A delimited grape growing region, distinguished by geographical features, the boundries of which have been clearly recognized and defined" No limitations on the grapes that can be grown, yield, so on... 85% of the grapes in the wine must have been grown in the stated AVA (100% in WA and OR) Must be 75% of the stated varietal (except for OR where the rule is 90%, but still 75% for Cabernet Sauvignon) 95% of the grapes must come from the stated vineyard if it is given 95% for the stated vintage |
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Agoston Harazathy
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The grandfather of California's wine industry...
Austro-Hungarian immigrant Established Beuna Vista winery in 1856 Member of the state commission on viticulture Traveled to Europe in 1861 and sent back thousands of vine cuttings Brought California to the attention of the nation |
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Andre Tchelistcheff
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Founding father of the California wine industry
Russian immigrant Winemaker at Beaulieu for 35 years Introduced pricipals of winery hygine, temprature controlled fermentation, and the control of MLF First to recognize the potential of Carneros |
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California
(Climate) |
Vast area with wide variations
Most fine wine areas are influenced by fog bank from the Pacific Rainfall is generally low in the summer and suplemented by irrigation Meso and micro climates are of supreme importance |
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California
(Soils) |
Generally fertile
many variations- 10 districts in Napa alone Vineyards are mostly planted on valley floors (helps with mechanization) Great wines from classic hillside vineyards- lower yields and poorer soils |
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California
(Viti) |
Following the repeal of Prohibition:
Head trained, spur trained vines 8 foot vine spacing During the 1960s: Move to training along wires, some cane pruning Replating with grape and soil affinities is more understood Use of AXR1 rootstock Mechanical harvest common even today, Hand harvesting for top quality wines Phylloxera brought about alot of changes in vine spacing as well as use of rootstock |
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California
(Main Wine Regions) |
Central Valley
North Coast Central Coast South Coast Sierra Foothills |
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Central Valley
(Bassics) |
California
Large and highly productive area... accounts for 3 of every 4 bottles produced in California Warm and dry area Irrigation is essential Enormous yields Home of Woodbridge and Gallo Main AVAs: Clarksberg AVA, Dunnigan Hills AVA, Merritt Island AVA, Lodi AVA |
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Clarksberg AVA
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California
Central Valley |
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Dunnigan Hills AVA
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California
Central Valley |
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Merritt Island AVA
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California
Central Valley |
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Lodi AVA
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California
Central Valley Highest quality producing AVA in the region |
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North Coast
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California, North of SF
Almost all the areas are affected by Pacific Ocean Imoprtant AVAs: Napa Valley, Sonoma Valley, Mendocino, Lake County |
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Napa Valley
(Basics) |
California
The state's first AVA! 34 miles long and 1-5 miles wide Mountain ranges on either side- Mayacamas to the east and the Vaca range to the west Altitude is variable Much warmer in the north than in the south Over 3 dozen different soil types Affected by the Pacific Ocean Spring frost can be a problem Important AVAs in Napa: Atlas Peak AVA, Carneros AVA (shared with Sonoma), Chiles Valley AVA, Diamond Mountain AVA, Howell Mountain AVA, Mount Veeder AVA, Oakville AVA, Rutherford AVA, Spring Mountain District AVA, St.Helena AVA, Stags Leap District AVA, Wild Horse Valley AVA, Yountville AVA |
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Rutherford AVA
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California, Napa Valley
Beaulieu vineyards carved out a place for Cabernet in Rutherford Large alluvial fan of sloping deposits of deep gravelly, sandy, clay loam "Rutherford Dust" is the most historically common descriptor for these wines... Also common to find cassis and strong herbaceous notes Compeats with Stags Leap District AVA for the claim of making California's best Cabernet Sauvignon |
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Stags leap District AVA
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California, Napa Valley
Small and well defined area Vineyards are on rocky slopes Compeats with Rutherford AVA for the calim to making California's best Cabernet Sauvignon |
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Oakville AVA
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California, Napa Valley
Soil is a sloping alluvial fan of gravelly, sandy, clay loam Great diversity of grapes and styles of wine made here At their best, Cabernet Sauvignon from here has the ripeness of Rutherford AVA and the suppleness of Stags Leap District AVA Muscular tannins with cassis and blackberry fruit |
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Atlas Peak AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Diamond Mountain AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Howell Mountain AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Mount Veeder AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Spring Mountain District AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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St.Helena AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Wild Horse Valley AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Yountville AVA
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California
Napa Valley |
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Sonoma County
(Basics) |
California
Twice the size of Napa- Around 1 million acres Very diverse geography and geology Main AVAs: Alexander Valley AVA, Chalk Hill AVA, Dry Creek AVA, Knights Valley AVA, Los Carneros AVA (shared with Napa Valley), Northern Sonoma AVA, Sonoma Coast AVA, Sonoma County Green Valley AVA, Sonoma Mountain AVA, Sonoma Valley AVA |
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Alexander Valley AVA
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California, Sonoma County
Long, warm corridor which the Russian River flows through Warm days and very cold nights Great climate for Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay |
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Russian River Valley AVA
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California, Sonoma County
Cooled by the Pacific Ocean- it's only 10 miles away Cool climate Pinot Noir and lean Chardonnay Quality sparkling wines as well |
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Chalk Hill AVA
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California, Sonoma County
Warmer climate than Russian River Valley AVA and Alexander Valley AVA, due to elevation it is above fog banks Named for it's unique chalky-white ash soil... which is not actually chalk at all... |
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Dry Creek Valley AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Knights Valley AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Los Carneros
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California
Napa Valley and Sonoma County |
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Northern Sonoma AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Sonoma Coast AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Sonoma County Green Valley AVA
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Califonia
Sonoma County |
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Sonoma Mountain AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Sonoma Valley AVA
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California
Sonoma County |
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Mendocino County
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California
Complex climate... some areas are very hot and most suitable for jug wine, areas where costal influences dominate are cooler and result in higher quality wines Main AVAs: Anderson Valley AVA, Cole Ranch AVA, McDowell Valley AVA, Mendocino AVA, Potter Valley AVA, Redwood Valley AVA, Yorkville Highlands AVA |
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Anderson Valley AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Cole Ranch AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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McDowell Valley AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Mendocino AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Potter Valley AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Redwood Valley AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Yorkville Highlands AVA
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California
Mendocino County |
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Lake County
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California
Smallest viticultural area in the North Coast Warm inland area east of Mendocino Main AVAs: Benmore Valley AVA, Clear Lake AVA, Guenoc Valley AVA |
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Benmore Valley AVA
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California
Lake County |
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Clear Lake AVA
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California, Lake County
Interesting Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Zinfandel |
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Guenoc Valley AVA
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California
Lake County |
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Santa Cruz Mountains AVA
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California, Santa Clara County
Cooler region diretcly south of SF Famous for Cabernet Suavignon Pinot Noir and Zinfandel also have some history in the region |
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Arroyo Seco AVA
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California, Central Coast (North), Monterey County
Successful Chardonnay, Riesling, Cabernet Sauvignon |
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Caramel Valley AVA
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California,Central Coast (North), Monterey County
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Chalone Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (North), Monterey County
Excellent Pinot Noir and Chardonnay |
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Monterey AVA
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California, Central Coast (North), Monterey County
Largest production in the Central Coast Irrigation is essential Fog blankest affect the north end so grapes can have trouble ripening there |
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Santa Clara Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (North), Santa Clara County
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Arroyo Grande Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), San Luis Obispo County
One of the coolest areas in California Lots of Pinot Blanc planted Som Excellent Pinot Noir |
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Edna Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), San Luis Obispo Coutny
Famous for Chardonnay |
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Paso Robles AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), San Luis Obispo County
Hot area Known for tannic and high alc% Zinfandel Shows promise for Rhone Varietals Some Cabernet Sauvignon as well |
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Santa Maria Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), Santa Barbera Coutny
Funnel shaped valley that sucks in winds from the Pacific Ocean Cool climate |
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Santa Rita Hills AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), Santa Barbara Coutny
The coolest of the AVAs found in the south Central Coast |
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Santa Ynez Valley AVA
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California, Central Coast (South), Santa Barbara Coutny
Little wind or fog penetration Great shale soils Known for Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Riesling, Syrah |
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Temecula AVA
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California, Southern California, Riverside Valley
High dester wine area Cooled by consistant afternoon breezes Particularlly good Chardonnay Hit hard by Pierce's Disease |
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Sierra Foothills AVA
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California
Sits at the foot of the Sierra Mountains Zinfandel is the most successful grape here |
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Cayuga Lake AVA
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New York
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Finger Lakes AVA
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New York
Riesling, Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir |
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Hudson River Region AVA
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New York
Grows a lot of Seyval Blanc... |
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Lake Erie AVA
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New York
Most of the grapes grown here are used for juice and concentrate |
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Long Island AVA
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New York
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North Fork of Long Island AVA
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New York
Cabernet Franc and Merlot |
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First American AVA...?
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Augusta, MI
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Texas
(Main Areas) |
North Central Region
South Eastern Region South Central Region |
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Texas High Plains AVA
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Texas
Most consistant AVA in the state... High elevation so hot days and cold nights "Good" (by which we mean "still not good") Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay |
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Colombia Valley AVA
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Oregon and Washington
The vast size of this AVA allows for many macro/micro-climates Vineyards are planted mostly on south facing slopes increasing solar radiation in summer and promoting good drainage in winter Merlot is the most windly planted grape followed by Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay with Riesling and Syrah becoming more common Growing season is 180-200 days long Contains the AVAs of: Red Mountain AVA, Yakima AVA, Walla Walla AVA |
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Walla Walla AVA
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Washington... and a little in Oregon, too
Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah are the most planted grapes Calcareous silt soils Growing season is 190-220 days long |
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Yakima Valley AVA
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Washington
First AVA in the state Chardonnay, Riesling, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon are the most planted grapes Silty loam soils 190 day growing season |
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Red Mountain AVA
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Washington
Best known for big reds Cabernet Suavignon, Merlot, Cabernet Suavignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Syrah, Sangiovese Good air movement in most vineyards Soils have excellent drainage and encourage vines to seek nutrients with deep root systems 180 day growing season |
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Puget Sound AVA
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Washington
Rainy, soggy... Madeleine Angevine, Sigerebbe, Muller-Thurgau, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir |
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Colombia Gorge AVA
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Washington and Oregon
Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Riesling, Pinot Gris Moist marine influences from the Colombia River meet dry air from eastern Washington allow for constant air flow along with hot days and cool nights Grapes have full and ripe flavors with great acidity |
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Horse Haven Hills AVA
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Washington
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah Proximity to Colombia River and varied topography moderate temprature extremes Steep, south facing slopes are ideal for vineyard areas Quick draining silty-loam soils |
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Chelan AVA
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Washington
Lake Chelan moderates tempratures |
