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75 Cards in this Set
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Where is Bordeaux Located |
Bordeaux is located in Southwestern France. Left of the Gironde river at the mouth of the Garonne. |
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History of the Bordeaux Wine Region |
Marriage of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine played a role in developing wines for England. |
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Describe the landscape in Bordeaux? |
The landscape is dominated by two rivers: the Dordogne and Garonne drain into the Gironde Estuary. There are also coastal dunes and the Landes forest also tempers the area. Most of the land is flat or subtle sloping. |
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Who is Emile Peynaud? |
He was a French oenologist and researcher who developed modern winemaking methods in Bordeaux in the latter half of the 20th century. |
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Describe the viticulture of Bordeaux. |
High density planting Guyot training Mechanical Harvesting - although some of the top estates still harvest by hand. |
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What are some viticultural hazards in Bordeaux? |
Viticultural hazards are often caused by rain and humidity and can cause fungus and mildew growth on the grapes. Ripening can also be an issue in cold and warm years. |
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Name the three areas of Bordeaux wine production? |
Left Bank, Right Bank, and Entre deux Mers. |
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What is the climate of the Left Bank of Bordeaux? |
Maritime |
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What is the soil like on the Left Bank of Bordeaux? |
The soil is primarily gravel for the most part. St Estephe is clay. Pauillac is gravel. Margaux is diverse.
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What are the primary red grapes of Bordeaux? |
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot and Malbec. |
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Name the Bordeaux Left Bank subregions? |
Medoc, Graves, and Sauternes/Barsac. |
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Name the Appellations/Chateaus of the Medoc? |
St. Estephe Pauillac: Latour, Lafite Rothschild, and Mouton Rothschild St. Julien Margeaux: Chateau Margeaux. |
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Name the Appellations/Chateaus of Graves? |
Pessac Leognan: Chateau Haut Brion |
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What grapes are grown in Sauternes/Barsac? |
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillion, and Muscadelle |
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What vinification styles and techniques are the wines in Sauternes/Barsac known for? |
The area is known for dessert wines made from noble rot Semillion grapes. |
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Name the primary grapes of the Entre deux Mers in Bordeaux? |
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillion, and Muscadelle |
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What is the climate in the Entre deux Mers in Bordeaux? |
Entre deux Mers has a maritime climate. |
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Where is the Entre deux Mers located in Bordeaux? |
It is located directly between the Dordogne and Garonne river. |
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What styles of wine are made in Entre deux Mers? |
Entre deux Mers is primarily known for sweet and dry white blends, however some red wines are made. All wines are labeled as Bordeaux or Bordeaux Superior. |
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What is the soil like in the Entre deux Mers? |
Predominantly alluvial (sand and clay in varying porportions) |
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Name the First Growth red wines from the 1855 Bordeaux Classification and their locations? |
Chateau Lafite Rothschild - Pauillac (Medoc) Chateau Latour - Pauillac (Medoc) Chateau Margeaux - Margeaux (Medoc) Chateau Haut Brion - Pessac Leognan (Graves) Chateau Mouton Rothschild - Pauillac (Medoc) |
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Name the Superior First Growth white wine from the 1855 Bordeaux Classification and its location? |
Chateau d Y'Queum - Sauternes |
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Describe the food of Bordeaux |
Main Ingredients: Oysters, Eel, Pike Lamb and Beef Prunes and wild berries Walnut oil Mushrooms Duck and Foie Gras |
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Describe the famous food dishes of Bordeaux |
Foie Gras - fattened goose liver Macarons Caneles Gigot d' Agneau (lamb or mutton) Roquefort Cheese |
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What are some famous Bordeaux pairings? |
Sauternes: Foie Gras, Oysters, and Roquefort Eel with White Bordeaux Lamb with Red Bordeaux |
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Where is Burgundy located? |
Burgundy is located in east-central France, just southeast of Paris. |
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What are the Burgundian Wine Law levels and their percentage of production? |
There are 4 levels: -Regional and Generic, District & Subregion (65%) -Commune or Village (23%) -Premier Cru (11%) -Grand Cru (1%) |
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What is a Monopole? |
A monopole means an appellation is owned by only one winery. |
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What is the climate in Burgundy? |
Continental. |
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Viticulture in Burgundy? |
North to South temperature variations. Adequate precipitation.
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What are some viticultural problems in Burgundy? |
Dangers of rain at harvest which can lead to rot and dilution. Spring frost and hail is also a concern.
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Name the 5 growing from North to South in Burgundy |
Chablis, Cote d'Or (which makes up Cote d' Nuits and Cote d' Beaune), Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais, and Beaujolais |
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Describe the soil in Burgundy |
Chablis: Kimmeridgean & Portlandian limestone Cote d' Nuits: limestone Chalonnaise: limestone Maconnais: limestone Beaujolais: granite |
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Grape varieties of Burgundy |
Pinot Noir Chardonnay Gamay Aligote Pinot Blanc Pinot Beurot (Gris) Cesar and Tressot, Sacy and Melon Sauvignon Blanc (St. Bris) |
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Describe the vinification of red wines in Burgundy: |
Crush and cold soak (must heating) Open fermenters Natural yeast Pigeage Chaptalization is allowed |
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Describe the vinification of white wines in Burgundy |
Pressing Fermentation Batonnage Lees Chaptalization Maturation |
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Name the Grand Crus of Chablis |
Bougros, Preuses, Vaudesir, Grenouilles, Valmur, Les Clos, Blanchot. |
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Name the appellations of Cote de Nuits from North to South. |
Marsannay Fixin Gevrey-Chambertin Morey-St-Denis Chambolle-Musigny Vougeot Vosne Romanee Nuits St. Georges
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Describe the wines of Marsannay |
Northern most AOC in Cote du Nuits Minor production of red wines, known for being modest, food friendly, and light Crisp, Chablis-esque whites
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Describe Cote de-Nuits-Villages wines |
Comprised of Fixin and Brochon in the north, and Comblanchien, Cargolin, and Prissey at the southern end. Typically devoted to red. Are good values, but are believed to lack finesse. |
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Describe the wines of Fixin in Cote de-Nuits |
Known for red wines. Style is described as sauvage, and lack elegance |
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Describe the wines of Gevrey-Chambertin in Cote de-Nuits |
Largest commune with most Grand Crus (9) - Chambertin will be used in the suffix. Wines tend to be masculine and austere while young. |
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Describe the wines of Morey-St-Denis in Cote de-Nuits |
Modest reputation In style, sits somewhere between power of Gevrey and prettiness of Chambolle Very small amount of white also produced. |
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Describe the wines of Chambolle-Musigny of Cote de Nuits |
Stylistically "feminine" and sexy. Intense perfume, floral and subtle. Musigny: one of the finest climats of Cote d'Or Musigny Blanc - produced exclusively at Domaine Comte Georges de Vogue |
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Describe the wines of Vougeot in Cote de Nuits |
Has one big Grand Cru - Clos de Vougeot. Considered to be too large and variable, but best wines from the area are outstanding. A classic example of Burgundy fragmentation. |
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Describe the wines of Vosne-Romanee in Cote de-Nuits |
Vosne Romanee considered the greatest PN place on Earth. 4 of the Grand Cru Monopoles located here. Wines characterized by supple texture and complex aromatics |
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Name the Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanée |
La Romanée La Tâche Romanée-Conti Richebourg Romanée St-Vivant La Grande Rue |
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Describe the wines from Nuits-St-Georges |
Area is large and variable. Wines can be outstanding. |
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What is a Cote de Beaune Village wine |
It's a catch-all for reds from Pinot Noir applying to 14 communes (but doesn't include the 4 big red communes) |
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Describe the wines of Pernand-Vergelesses, Ladoix, and Aloxe-Corton in Cote de Beaune |
All of these communes share the Grand Cru Corton, which is the largest GC in Burgundy. Quality issues abound. Corton devoted to red: 50 hectares devoted to white. Corton-Charlemagne on upper slopes. White is famously long-lived. |
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Describe the wines from Savigny and Chorey-les-Beaune in Burgundy |
Chorey is minor, but Savigny an increasingly popular red zone. Volumes are high and prices are relatively low. |
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Describe the wines from Beaune |
Center of the Burgundy tourist trade and important site of most negotiant cellars. |
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Describe the wines from Pommard |
Pommard wines are the Nuits-est wine of the Cote de Beaune, notorious for being robust and rich. Not delicate. A contrast to Volnay. |
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Describe the wines of Volnay and Monthelie |
Wines are described as being feminine and perfumed. Delicate and pretty in expression. Monthelie - is a little Volnay. |
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Describe the wines of Auxey-Duresses and Saint-Romain |
AD: Last of the red wine villages. Soft-fleshy wines. SR: A transitional village. Known for both red and white production. |
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Describe the wines of Meursault |
Large and diverse in quality. Most successful commune in Burgundy. Forward, full yeasty, nutty, and spicy character white wines. |
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Describe the wines of Puligny-Montrachet |
Known as the heartland of White Burgundy. Grand Cru: Chevalier and Bienvenue-Batard Produces rich, concentrated, pageful whites. |
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Describe the wines of Chassagne-Montrachet |
Known for whites but is an up and coming area for red wines. |
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Describe the wines of Santenay |
Wines are quite hard and rustic in their youth. Some good premier crus. La Maladies and Les Gravieres are notable. |
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Describe the Cote Chalonnaise Region |
Area of mixed agriculture 2/3 of the area is planted with Pinot Noir, and a significant amount is planted with Aligote. Good wines at reasonable prices. |
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List the communes of Cote Chalonnaise from north to south. |
Rully Bouzeron Mercurey Givry Montagny |
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Describe the wines of Rully |
Northern most AC Village wines are fruity and simple Some very good white wines
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Describe the wines of Mercurey |
Best reds in the Cote Chalonnaise Firm, medium to full-bodied reds best drunk at 4-8 years. Small amount of white wine produced. |
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Describe the wines of Givry |
Simple, straight forward wines Generally light-bodied, early drinking red wines. |
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Describe the wines of Bouzeron |
Newly created AOC Zesty, delicious white wines
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Describe the Maconnais region in Burgundy |
Primarily white wine area Clean, pure examples of wines made from Chardonnay Reasonably good value
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Describe the red wines of Maconnais |
25% of the vines are Gamay 7% are Pinot Noir Rest are white varietals |
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Describe the wines of Pokily Fuisse |
Finest AC of the Maconnais region Stylistically variable
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Describe the Beaujolais region in Burgundy |
98% of the vineyard area is planted to Gamay Granite soil Carbonic Maceration |
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Name the Cru Beaujolais villages |
Brouilly Cote de Brouilly Chenas St. Amour Morgon Fleurie Chiroubles Moulin-a-Vent Julienas Regnie
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Describe the cuisine in Burgundy |
Cassis Charloais Beef Mustard Sausage Poulet de Bresse River fish - pike and perch
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Describe the famous dishes of Burgundy |
Jambon persille Pike quenelles Honey cake Epoisses and apple tartes Escargots in herb butter Coq au Vin and Boeuf a la Bourignon Gougeres Sweetbreads |
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Describe the cheeses of Burgundy |
Epoisses - soft, intense, orange rind cheese Ami du Chambertin - milder than epoisses Aisy-Cendre-preserved in ash & grape cuttings. Soumaintrain - soft, mild cow's milk cheese Charolais - goat's milk cheese with blue mold Montrachet - very mild goat cheese wrapped in vine leaves. |
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Where is Alsace located |
Alsace is located in Eastern France on the German border. |
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Describe the history of Alsace |
TBD |
