Isg Level 2 Beer And Spirits

Front 1

What was the beer-like beverage that the Egyptians drank?

Back 1

Hek

Front 2

What is most beer made from?

Back 2

Barley

Front 3

What is malt?

Back 3

Grain that has had its starch converted into fermentable sugar

Front 4

What is Diastase?

Back 4

The enzymes that help to convert starch into sugar

Front 5

What is Amylase?

Back 5

The main enzyme that helps break down starch into maltose

Front 6

What is steeping?

Back 6

Macerating grains in water to stimulate germination

Front 7

What is germination in regard to beer production?

Back 7

Activating the diastase and beginning the growth process in the grain

Front 8

What is grist?

Back 8

Dried grains that have been milled, similar to dry cereal

Front 9

What is wort?

Back 9

Sugary liquid made from re-hydrated grist

Front 10

What is the name for the large copper container for boiling wort?

Back 10

A Copper

Front 11

What is dry-hopping?

Back 11

Adding hops at the end of the fermentation process

Front 12

What is beer?

Back 12

An alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of malt with water, yeast, and hops

Front 13

Explain the Bavarian Purity Law of 1516.

Back 13

Known as the Reinheitsgebot, this law restricted the ingredients in beer to barley, hops, and water

Front 14

What is the name of the Bavarian Purity Law of 1516?

Back 14

Reinheitsgebot

Front 15

What changed about the Reinheitsgebot in 1993?

Back 15

They allowed the addition of wheat and cane sugar

Front 16

What are the two yeast strains used in making beer?

Back 16

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis

Front 17

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is what kind of yeast, used to make what kind of beer?

Back 17

Top-fermenting

Ale

Front 18

Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis is what kind of yeast, used to make what kind of beer?

Back 18

Bottom-fermenting

Lager

Front 19

Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis ferments at higher or lower temperatures?

Back 19

Lower

Front 20

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ferments at higher or lower temperatures?

Back 20

Higher

Front 21

In beer production, what does the step known as Conversion include?

Back 21

- Barley grain is steeped
- Germination begins
- Diastase begins to work
- Germination is stopped by drying the grain in a kiln

Front 22

In beer production, what does the step known as Malting include?

Back 22

- Germination is stopped by drying the grain in a kiln
- The length of time in the kiln determines the type of malt

Front 23

In beer production, what does the step known as Extraction include?

Back 23

- The grain is milled into grist
- Grist is soaked in warm water
- Sugars and flavors are extracted to become wort

Front 24

In beer production, what does the step known as Flavoring include?

Back 24

- Wort is tranfered to a copper and boiled
- Hops are added
- Sugar may be added

Front 25

In beer production, what does the step known as Fermentation include?

Back 25

- Wort is tranfered to the fermentation vessel
- Yeast is added
- Fermentation lasts between 3 and 7 days
- Hops are often added again

Front 26

In beer production, what does the step known as Conditioning include?

Back 26

- Filtering
- Adding CO2
- Carbonation may be natural or added
- Similar to aging wine, flavors are allowed to fill out

Front 27

What does the length of time the grain spends in the kiln determine?

Back 27

The type of malt; the longer the kiln, the darker and richer the malt

Front 28

What are the three main types of malt as determined by time in the kiln?

Back 28

- Pale malt
- Crystal malt
- Black or chocolate malt

Front 29

What happens to the fermentable sugars as the grain is kilned?

Back 29

The longer the kiln, the less fermentable sugars

Front 30

What is Lambic?

Back 30

Spontaneously fermenting wheat beer from Belgium, often refermented with fruit

Front 31

Ethanol boils at what temperature?

Back 31

173.3 F (78.5 C)

Front 32

What are 2 major differences between pot stills and continuous stills?

Back 32

- Pot stills are single batch productions

- Continuous stills produce a purer product; 90+% alcohol vs pot stills at 60-70% alcohol

Front 33

What do heads, hearts, and tails refer to?

Back 33

The first, middle, and last components in distillation

Front 34

What is the soil-type and climate of Cognac?

Back 34

- Chalk

- Maritime

Front 35

What chaptalization levels are allowed for Cognac?

Back 35

None

Front 36

What is the aim of vinification in Cognac production?

Back 36

To make high acid, low alcohol wine

Front 37

What are three grapes used to make Cognac?

Back 37

Ugni Blanc

Folle Blanche

Colombard

Front 38

What are the three major sub-regions of Cognac from highest quality to lowest?

Back 38

Grand Champagne

Petite Champagne

Borderies

Front 39

What kind of stills are used in Cognac?

Back 39

Copper Charentais pot stills only

Front 40

How many times is Cognac distilled?

Back 40

2

Front 41

What happens to the heads and tails in Cognac distillation?

Back 41

They are continuously redistilled

Front 42

Where does the oak for Cognac barrels come from?

Back 42

Limousin and Troncais

Front 43

What is the numeric combination for Cognac aging?

Back 43

- 2, 4, 6

- VS is aged 2 years, VSOP is aged 4 years, and XO is aged 6 years

Front 44

Who controls both Cognac and Armagnac?

Back 44

AOC

Front 45

What is a climatic difference between Cognac and Armagnac?

Back 45

Cognac is more maritime, Armagnac is more continental

Front 46

What is the soil-type in Armagnac?

Back 46

Sand and clay

Front 47

What grapes are used in Armagnac?

Back 47

Ugni Blanc

Picpoul

Colombard

Front 48

What are the sub-regions of Armagnac?

Back 48

Bas Armagnac

Tenareze

Haut Armagnac

Front 49

What is different about Armagnac distillation and Cognac distillation?

Back 49

- Cognac is distilled twice, Armagnac only once

- Heads and tails are removed in Armagnac

- Retained spirit is lower in alcohol that in Cognac

Front 50

What is the numerical scale for aging in Armagnac?

Back 50

- 2, 5, 6.

- VS is aged 2 years, VSOP 5 years, and XO for 6 years

- Armagnac also has a ten years aged Hors d'Age

Front 51

What is Grappa made from?

Back 51

Wine pomace

Front 52

What are some details of Calvados?

Back 52

- From Normandy

- Distilled apple cider

- Best are oak-aged

Front 53

How long must scotch whisky be aged?

Back 53

Minimum three years in oak

Front 54

How many times is Scotch malt whisky distilled and from what?

Back 54

- Twice in a pot still

- 100% malted barley

Front 55

What type of still is grain whiskey distilled in?

Back 55

Continuous

Front 56

What are the five major regions of Scotland for scotch whisky production?

Back 56

Highland
Islay
Campbelltown
Lowland
Islands

Front 57

What are some differences in Irish whiskey production vs scotch whisky?

Back 57

- Triple rather than double distilled
- Barley not 100% malted
- Use of peat not normal

Front 58

What are some details of Kentucky straight bourbon whiskey?

Back 58

- 51% corn
- Sour mash
- 2 years aged in heavy-charred oak
- Pot and patent stills

Front 59

What are some details of vodka production?

Back 59

- Patent stills
- Potatoes traditional
- Charcoal filtered
- Purity is king

Front 60

What are the aging levels of tequila?

Back 60

- Silver/blanco/plata is unoaked or less than 30 days
- Oro/gold/joven is artificially colored with caramel
- Reposado is aged 2 months to 1 year in oak
- Anejo is aged 1 to 3 years in oak
- Maduro is aged 3 years or more in oak