Isat I Test 2

Front 1

Which class of cephalosporin predominately covers gram positive organisms?

Back 1

first generation

Front 2

This glycopeptide is active against methicillin resistant gram positive organisms?

Back 2

vancomycin

Front 3

Which agent is considered to have the best activity against community acquired methicillin resistant S. aureus?.

Back 3

TMP/SMZ or Clindamycin

Front 4

Enterococcus faecalis is a gram positive cocci that is not inhibited by which class of beta lactams

Back 4

cephalosporins or carbepenems

Front 5

This antibiotic is a ketolide and has improved activity against penicillin resistant S. pneumoniae

Back 5

Telithromycin (Ketek)

Front 6

This is the antibacterial of choice for E. coli in the urine.

Back 6

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Front 7

This antibacterial is given by IV usually in combination with a beta lactam for gram negative sepsis.

Back 7

gentamicin, tobramycin or amikacin

Front 8

This antibacterial use to be one of the most active agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa that can be given orally and IV but has been experiencing increasing resistance over the past few years.

Back 8

ciprofloxacin

Front 9

This beta lactam has the same spectrum as aminoglycocides and is usually used to treat gram negative sepsis in patients who have had a penicillin type I allergy.

Back 9

aztreonam

Front 10

This carbapenem is active against extended spectrum beta lactamase producing gram negative organisms, is not active against P. aeuginosa and is dosed once daily.

Back 10

ertrapenem

Front 11

This is the antiviral agent of choice for the treatment of Herpes simplex.

Back 11

acyclovir

Front 12

This antiviral agent is the drug of choice for CMV retinitis.

Back 12

ganciclovir or valgancliclovir

Front 13

This is an oral antiviral agent used to treat hepatitis B that does not seem to develop resistance during therapy.

Back 13

adefovir

Front 14

This is the treatment of choice for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C?

Back 14

pegylated interferon plus ribavirin

Front 15

The alternative PI based regimen for treating patients with HIV infection that does not appear to cause hyper lipidemia or insulin resistance.

Back 15

atazanavir plus Epizicom or ATV/r plus Truvada

Front 16

This is the azole antifungal that is used to treat most Candida albicans infections that are not disseminated

Back 16

fluconazole

Front 17

This antifungal agent has been around for 50 years and is still active against most fungi that cause systemic fungal infections.

Back 17

amphotericin B

Front 18

Cryptococcal meningitis requires IV antifungal therapy during the first two weeks that consists of this combination therapy.

Back 18

amphotericin B and flucytosine

Front 19

This antifungal agent is the first one of a new class of antifungals to be approved for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis

Back 19

caspofungin

Front 20

The relatively new antifungal agent that is approved for pulmonary aspergillosis and can be given IV and PO

Back 20

voriconazole

Front 21

This antibacterial is one of the components of the induction therapy for tuberculosis and can cause red-green color blindness

Back 21

ethambutol

Front 22

This class of synthetic antibacterials has activity against atypical bacteria (C. pneumoniae, mycoplasma, and legionella) as well as Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Back 22

respiratory quinolones

Front 23

This anti-infective is often used to treat antibiotic associated diarrhea and also has good activity against anaerobes.

Back 23

metronidazole

Front 24

This beta lactam antibiotic is often used as first line therapy for intra-abdominal infections along with an aminoglycoside

Back 24

piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)?

Front 25

This antibiotic is recommended as an alternative in combination with primaquin for the treatment of toxoplasmosis.

Back 25

clindamycin

Front 26

A new antibiotic in the class of antibiotics known as the glycylcyclines was approved in late 2004 for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections caused by MRSA as well as gram negative organisms.

Back 26

Tigecycline

Front 27

This cephalosporin is most often used for treatment of outpatient staph and strep infections

Back 27

cephalexin or cephradine

Front 28

This cephalosporin is the antibiotic of choice for prophylaxis for most clean surgeries

Back 28

cefazolin

Front 29

The cephalosporin that is most commonly used to treat nosocomial infections when Pseudomonas aeurginosa is suspected

Back 29

cefipime

Front 30

This cephalosporin should not be used in neonates because it causes biliary sludging.

Back 30

ceftriaxone

Front 31

This cephalosporin is the one recommended to treat neonatal meningitis and is also one of the two recommended to treat community acquired pneunomia in patients requiring hospitalization.

Back 31

cefotaxime

Front 32

This beta lactam is the antibiotic of choice for treating penicillinase secreting S. aureus in a hospitalized patient where partenteral therapy is indicated

Back 32

methicillin or nafcillin

Front 33

This beta lactam is the anti-infective of choice for the treatment of primary and secondary syphilis

Back 33

benzathine penicillin

Front 34

This beta lactam is still considered the antibacterial of choice for the treatment of most upper respiratory track infections.

Back 34

amoxicillin

Front 35

.
This beta lactam is a carbapenem that is recommended for empiric broad spectrum coverage for intra-abdominal infections.

Back 35

imipenem or meropenem

Front 36

This beta lactam/beta lactamase combination is great for gram negative, gram positive and anaerobic infections with the exception of psedomonas and enterobacter.

Back 36

ampicillin/sulbactam

Front 37

This first generation fluoroquinolone is often used to treat uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections.

Back 37

ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin

Front 38

This is what happens when a fluoroquinolone and an beta lactam are administered concurrently.

Back 38

synergy

Front 39

This fluoroquinolone is reported to have the highest incidence of hyper/hypoglycemic effects.

Back 39

gatifloxacin

Front 40

Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides exhibit bacterial inhibition for one or more hours after their levels drop below the MIC of the organism being treated which is explained by this pharmacodynamic property.

Back 40

post antibiotic effect

Front 41

In more severe cases of mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease the addition of this agent may be needed during the first few weeks of therapy.

Back 41

amikacin

Front 42

This inexpensive agent is listed as first line therapy for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia in patients treated in the outpatient setting without prior antibacterial therapy within the past three months.

Back 42

doxycycline

Front 43

This agent is the preferred agent for use as primary and secondary prophylaxis for MAC.

Back 43

azithromycin

Front 44

This agent had a new dosage form recently approved that allows it to be given once daily and it also causes Qtc prolongation.

Back 44

clarithromycin?

Front 45

This agent causes dizziness and vertigo which limits it use.

Back 45

minocycline

Front 46

The macrolides can overcome penicillin resistant S. pneumoniae because of the predominance of this type of resistance mechanism in the US

Back 46

efflux or mef A gene. This is more predominant in the US than the erm (B) gene which results in methylation of an adenine residue on the 23S rRNA by a methylase enzyme (irreversible)

Front 47

This anti-fungal agent is the result of an old agent with new technology to deliver a higher dose with fewer side effects.

Back 47

liposomal or lipid complex amphotericin

Front 48

This antibiotic is a combination product for the treatment of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus Faecium.

Back 48

quinapristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)

Front 49

This agent is active against most resistant gram positive organisms including MRSA and is available in both oral and parenteral forms.

Back 49

linezolid (Zyvox)?

Front 50

This older class of antibiotics has recently seen a revival for the treatment of highly resistant acinetobacter.

Back 50

polymyxins (polymyxin B and colistin)

Front 51

This parenteral antibiotic is used to treatment complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible strains of gram positive organisms including MSSA and MRSA and has a dose related myopathic toxicity.

Back 51

daptomycin

Front 52

This drug was approved by the FDA in February 2006 for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis. It is a lipopeptide with greater activity than amphotericin and fluconazole against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. krusei.

Back 52

anadulafungin (Eraxis®)