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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a system?
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Is a set of interrelated components
With a clearly defined boundary Working together to achieve a common set of objectives |
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What is an Information System?
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An organized combination of
People Hardware Software Communications networks Data resources Policies and procedures That stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization |
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IS
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is all the components and resources necessary to deliver information and functions to the organization
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IT
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is hardware, software, networking and data management
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Foundation Concepts:
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fundamental behavioral, technical, business and managerial concepts
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Information Technology
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Hardware, software, networks, data management and Internet-based technology
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Business Applications
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Major uses of the IS in the organization
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Development Processes
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How to plan, develop and implement IS to meet business opportunities
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What are operations supports systems?
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Efficiently process business transactions
Control industrial processes Support communications and collaboration Update corporate databases |
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Enterprise Collaboration Systems
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Enhance team and work group communications
Examples: e-mail, videoconferencing |
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Batch Processing:
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Accumulate transactions over time and process periodically
Example: a bank processes all checks received in a batch at night |
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Two ways to process transactions
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Batch Processing
Online Processing |
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Operational or Management Systems
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Expert Systems
Knowledge Management Systems |
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Functional business systems
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Focus on operational and managerial applications of basic business functions
Examples: support accounting, finance or marketing |
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Strategic information systems
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Help get a strategic advantage over its customers
Examples: shipment tracking, e-commerce web systems |
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Systems have three basic functions:
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input, processing, output
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people
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End users: the people who use the IS or the information from the IS
IS specialists: the people who develop and operate IS |
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hardware resources
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All physical devices used in information processing
Machines, data media, peripherals |
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software resources
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All information processing instructions including programs and procedures
System software, application software and procedures |
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data resources
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Facts about the business transactions
Processed and organized information Databases of organized data |
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network resources
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Communications media
Network infrastructure: hardware and software The Internet, intranets and extranets |
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strategic information system
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Any kind of information system
That uses IT to help an organization Gain a competitive advantage Reduce a competitive disadvantage Or meet other strategic enterprise objectives |
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Five Competitive Strategies
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cost leadership, differentiation strategy, innovation strategy, growth strategy, alliance strategy
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cost leadership
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Become low-cost producers
Help suppliers or customers reduce costs Increase cost to competitors Example, Priceline uses online seller bidding so buyer sets the price |
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differentiation strategy
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Develop ways to differentiate a firm’s products from its competitors
Can focus on particular segment or niche of market Example, Moen uses online customer design |
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innovation strategy
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Find new ways of doing business
Unique products or services Or unique markets Radical changes to business processes to alter the fundamental structure of an industry Example, Amazon uses online full-service customer systems |
