Irene's Posterior A I & O

Front 1

What is the Action Semimembranosus?

Back 1

A: Flex the knee.
Medially rotate the flexed knee.
Extend the hip.
Assist to Medially rotate the hip.
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

Front 2

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Semimembranosus?

Back 2

O: Ischial Tuberosity.

I: Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia.

Front 3

What is the Action of the Gluteus Maximus?

Back 3

A: ~ All fibers:
Extend the hip.
Laterally rotate the hip.
Abduct the hip.
~Lower fibers:
Adduct the hip.

Front 4

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gluteus Maximus?

Back 4

O: Coccyx,
edge of sacrum,
posterior iliac crest,
sacrotuberous and
sacroiliac ligaments.

I: Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity.

Front 5

What is the Action of the Gluteus Medius?

Back 5

A: ~ All fibers:
Abduct the hip.
~ Anterior fibers:
Flex the hip.
Medially rotate the hip.
~ Posterior fibers
Extend the hip.
Laterally rotate the hip.

Front 6

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gluteus Medius?

Back 6

O: Gluteal surface of ilium,
between posterior and
anterior gluteal lines,
just below the iliac crest.

I: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter.

Front 7

What is the Action of the Piriformis?

Back 7

A: Laterally rotate the hip.
Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed.

Front 8

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Piriformis?

Back 8

O: Anterior surface of sacrum.

I: Superior aspect of greater trochanter.

Front 9

What is the Action of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Back 9

A: Extend the shoulder.
Adduct the shoulder.
Medially rotate the shoulder.

Front 10

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Back 10

O: Inferior angle of scapula,
spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae,
last 3 or 4 ribs,
thoracolumbar aponeurosis and
posterior iliac crest.

I: Intertubercular groove of the humerus.

Front 11

What is the Action of the Peroneus Longus?

Back 11

A: Evert the foot.
Assist to Plantar flex the ankle.

Front 12

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Peroneus Longus?

Back 12

O: Head of fibula and
proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula.

I: Base of the first metatarsal and
medial cuneiform.

Front 13

What is the Action of the Tensor Fasciae Latae?

Back 13

A: Flex the hip.
Medially rotate the hip.
Abduct the hip.

Front 14

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Tensor Fasciae Latae?

Back 14

O: Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS.

I: Iliotibial tract.

Front 15

What is the Action of the Teres Major?

Back 15

A: Extend the shoulder.
Adduct the shoulder.
Medially rotate the shoulder.

Front 16

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Teres Major?

Back 16

O: Inferior angle and
lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula.

I: Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

Front 17

What is the Action of the Vastus Lateralis?

Back 17

A: Extend the knee.

Front 18

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Vastus Lateralis?

Back 18

O: Lateral lip of linea aspera,
fluteal tuberosity and
greater trochanter.

I: Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament).

Front 19

What is the Action of the Gastrocnemius?

Back 19

A: Flex the knee.
Planter flex the ankle.

Front 20

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gastrocnemius?

Back 20

O: Condyles of the femur,
posterior surfaces.

I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.

Front 21

What is the Action of the Serratus Anterior?

Back 21

A: ~ with the origin fixed:
Abduct the scapula.
Upwardly rotate the scapula.
Depress the scapula.
Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage.
~ with the scapula fixed:
May also act to elevate the thorax during forced inhlation.

Front 22

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Serratus Anterior?

Back 22

O: External surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs.

I: Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula.

Front 23

What is the Action of the Trapezius?

Back 23

A: ~Upper fibers:
-Bilaterally:
Extend the head and neck.
-Unilaterally:
Laterally flex the head and nec to the same side.
Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side.
Elevate the scapula.
Upwardly rotate the scapula.
~Middle fibers:
Adduct the scapula.
Stabilize the scapula.
~Lower fibers:
Depress the scapula.
Upwardly rotate the scapula.

Front 24

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Trapezius?

Back 24

O: External occipital protuberance,
medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae and
spinous processes of C-7 thru T-12.

I: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle,
acromion and
spine of the scapula.

Front 25

What is the Action of the Triceps Brachii?

Back 25

A: ~All heads:
Extend the elbow.
~Long head: Extend the shoulder.
Adduct the shoulder.

Front 26

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Triceps Brachii?

Back 26

O: ~Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
~ Lateral head: Posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus.
~Medial head: Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus.

I: Olecranon process of the ulna.

Front 27

What is the Action of the Infraspinatus?

Back 27

A: laterally rotate the shoulder.
Adduct the shoulder.
Stabilze the head of humerus in glenoid cavity.

Front 28

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Infraspinatus?

Back 28

O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula.

I: Grater tubercle of the humerus.

Front 29

What is the Action of the Supraspinatus?

Back 29

A: Abduct the shoulder.
Stabilize the head of humerus in glenoid cavity.

Front 30

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Supraspinatus?

Back 30

O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula.

I: Greater tubercle of the humerus.

Front 31

What is the Action of the Rhomboid Major?

Back 31

A: Adduct the scapula.
Elevate the scapula.
Downwardly rotate the scapula.

Front 32

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Rhomboid Major?

Back 32

O: Spinous Processes of T-2 to T-5.

I: Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle.

Front 33

What is the Action of the Levator Scapula?

Back 33

A: Elevate the scapula.
~Unilaterally:
Downwardly rotate the scapula.
Laterally flex the head and neck.
Rotate the head and neck to the same side.
~Bilaterally:
Extend the head and neck.

Front 34

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Levator Scapula?

Back 34

O: Transverse processes of 1st thru 4th cervical vertebrae.

I: medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula.

Front 35

What is the Action of the Quadratus Lumborum?

Back 35

A: ~Unilaterally:Laterally tilt the pelvis.
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.
Assist to extend the vertebral column.
~Bilaterally: Fix the last rib during forced inhalationa and exhalation.

Front 36

What is the Action of the Biceps Femoris?

Back 36

A: Flex the knee.
Laterally roate the flexed knee.
~Long head: Extend the hip.
Assist to laterally rotate the hip.
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly.

Front 37

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Biceps Femoris?

Back 37

O: ~Long head: Ischial tuberosity.
~Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera.

I: Head of the fibula.

Front 38

What is the Action of the Semitendinosus?

Back 38

A: Flex the knee.
Medially rotate the flexed knee.
Extend the hip.
Assist to medially rotate the hip.
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly.

Front 39

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Semitendinosus?

Back 39

O: Ischial tuberosity.

I: Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.