Iranian Cinema

Front 1

Name 3 facts about Iran

Back 1

-Known as Persia, to the western world, until 1935.
-Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monachy was overthrown
-68 million people and 305 airports

Front 2

Iranian Cinema Timeline

Back 2

-Quajar 1900-1925
-Pahlavi 1926-78
-Islamic republic 78-present

Front 3

Quajar Era

Back 3

-First iranian film created in 1900
-Films similar to Lumiere films
-Films were made for the royal class, almost exclusively
-Very limited commercial exhibition
-No iranian commercial film production

Front 4

What two things created conflict for the quajar era?

Back 4

-The monarchy is fascinated with film and modern technology
-Meanwhile, religious authority is suspicious of film as an art form

Front 5

Name 3 reasons why islamic authority is against film?

Back 5

-Any kind of creative representation leads to imaginative faculty overwhelming ones ability to reason
-Engagement in visual images prevents us from our duties in real life
-An act of creation which stimulates the original creation of the world by god is blasphemous

Front 6

Name 7 facts about Pahlavi Era Cinema

Back 6

-Shah Pahlavi
-Cinema becomes more popular, commercial exhibitions more common
-Iranian films intended for commercial exhibition
-Most films screened in Iranian theatres are imports
-For the first time, large sums of Iranians are exposed to images of western culture
-Tehran University opens
-An educated middle class emerges

Front 7

Name 3 facts about late Pahlavi Era

Back 7

-WW2 interupts film production; in 1950's Iranian films begin to bounce back
-Poetry and film become important, therefore film is being considered an art form
-1960-70- Iranian new wave

Front 8

Name 4 facts about the Iranian new wave

Back 8

-More than 25% of the country is under the age of 25
-Mix of documentary and fiction in these films
-Greater political awareness
-New wave is against repressive forms of education

Front 9

Name 2 facts about the Islamic Republic Revolution

Back 9

-1980's- Iran/Iraq war
-Universities, cinemas closed initially

Front 10

Name 3 facts about Mohsen Makhmalbaf and Family

Back 10

-Opens the Makhmalbaf school in 1996
-Designed as an alternative to theocratic education
-Originally designed to include many students; now primarily educated Makhmalbaf's family

Front 11

Name 3 facts about Jafar Panahi

Back 11

-Made the "Circle" in 2000
-Makes the most directly political films
-Films are often about the opression of women in Iran

Front 12

Colonization

Back 12

-The economic and ideologic control of a country by a dominant group; European powers occupy Senegal in early 18th century

Front 13

Post-Colonialism

Back 13

-The time period after the former colony has won its independence; after 1960, Senegal develops its own government

Front 14

Neocolonialism

Back 14

-Indirect domination of former colonies by European economic powers during the post-colonial period

Front 15

Name 3 facts about Francophone cinema

Back 15

-Phrase refers to films made in French speaking African countries
-This term can be used to refer to films made by french colonialists before 1960
-Francophone African Cinema, in the post-colonial period, refers to films made by black Africans in countries which were previously under frech rule

Front 16

Name 5 facts about films produced by Black Africans

Back 16

-There was a late start in its development
-Africa lacks the tools of a film industry
-Films are often used as propoganda by governments
-No government protection for filmmakers
-Film production, in Africa, is made largely by independent film makers

Front 17

Name 4 goals of independent African filmmakers

Back 17

-Decolonize the mind
-Education
-Lead to a transformation of society
-Develop new film language, with which, to accomplish these tasks

Front 18

Name 5 facts about Ousmane Sembene

Back 18

-1st black african filmmaker
-"Black Girl"- first film produced by black african
-Also a writer, his films are based on books and short stories
-Believes in realism
-Specifically, believes in social realism

Front 19

Name 5 facts about Sembene's realism

Back 19

-Real locations
-Inexperienced actors
-Realism pits itself against escapism; Sembene is not interested in entertainment only
-Attempts to place an individual in a social context
-In part, Sembenes realism is due to the fact that he is a Marxist

Front 20

Name 4 facts about "Black Girl"

Back 20

-Deal with immediate post-colonial period
-Illustrate how neocolonialism affects the African human being
-Wants the film to act as an emotional experience
-Also wants to communicate political message

Front 21

What are the four themes in "Black Girl"?

Back 21

-Memory
-Imagination vs. Reality
-Isolation
-Racism