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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four drug classes in the treatment of HIV/AIDS?
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NRTI's
Non NRTI's Protease inhibitors Fusion inhibitors |
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What is the mechanism of action of NRTI's?
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Inhibition of HIV DNA reverse transcriptase which suppresses HIV replication
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What are some side effects of NRTI's?
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CNS toxicity
Headache Dizziness Fatigue Gastric distress Dry Mouth Neuropathy Insomnia Depression Skeletal muscle pain |
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What drug class is usually combined with 3 or more other drugs due to its rapid resistance?
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Non NRTI's
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What is the mechanism of action of non NRTI's?
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Block RNA dependent DNA polymerases, therefore terminating DNA development
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What are some side effects of non NRTI's?
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Diarrhoea
Weakness Headache Nausea Vomiting Fever Conjunctivitis Fever Joint pain Muscle aches Abnormal dreaming |
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What is the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors?
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Inhibition of enzyme protease
Immature HIV cells bud from cell Protease completes cell maturation Inhibitors stop the maturation and hence immature HIV cells cannot infect others |
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What are some side effects of protease inhibitors?
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GIT effects
Headache Weakness Taste alterations Allergic reactions Diabetes |
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What drug class is usually indicated for HIV-1 infection?
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Fusion inhibitors
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What is the first line HAART therapy?
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2NRTI's + 1 non NRTI
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What is the second line HAART therapy?
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2NRTI's + protease inhibitors
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What is the third line HAART therapy?
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Dependant on resistance pattern that has developed
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What can be suggested for salvage therapy?
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Dependant on resistance pattern + fusion inhibitor (IV)
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What are the drug/nutrient interactions with NRTI's?
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Folic acid/B12 - increase in anaemia
Vit E - positive |
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What herb/drug interactions exist with NRTI's?
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Korean ginseng- positive, helps boost CD4 cels and delay progession
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What drug/nutrient interactions exist with non NRTI's?
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Carnitine - positive, however supplementation required
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What herb/drug interactions exist with non NRTI's?
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SJW - negative, decrease drug levels
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What herb/drug interactions exist with protease inhibitors?
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Garlic - negative
SJW - negative reduce drug levels |
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What nutrient/drug interactions exist with protease inhibitors?
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Quercetin - negative
Grapefruit juice - positive |
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What are some beneficial herbal interactions for HIV medications?
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Echinacea - reduce production of IL-2
Lemon balm - anti viral Licorice - inhibit HIV replications Thyme oil - anti viral activity |
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What are some beneficial nutrient interactions with HIV therapies?
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Niacin - reduced drug side effects
Glutamine - maintain muscle mass |
