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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do viruses reproduce?
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they use the host cells metabolic processes for reproduction (reason why it is hard to target virus and not host too)
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Genome
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nucleic acid core
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Best prevention for Influenza
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vaccine
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Two types of Flu vaccines
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live, attenuate Influenza vaccine; inactivated Influenza Vaccine
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RSV
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Respiratory sycytial Virus
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S/S of influenza
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abrupt onset of fever, myalgia, HA, severe malaise, cough, sore throat and rhinitis
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Two subtypes of Influenza
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Type A (mutation shift due t antigen shift); Type B- less likely to mutate
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Why is the inactivated influenza vaccine reformulated each year?
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to follow virus mutations
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Is the intranasal live attenuated or inactivated?
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live attenuate virus
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What groups should get priority with the flu shot (Trivalent inactivated vaccine)?:
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kids 6-23 mths, adults over 65, pregnant women in 2nd and 3rd tri, persons 2 years and older with chronic conditions; then--> household contacts for high risk people and healthcare workers
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What groups is Flu Mist approved for?
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healthy kids age 5-17 and adults 18-49
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Once the Flu Mist is thawed, how many hours do you have use it?
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within 60 hours
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When should you consider chemoprophylaxis for influenza?
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high risk ppl who have not been vaccinated, allergies to eggs, immunocompromised persons, and to control outbreaks in institution housing
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What type of influenza does Amantadine and Rimantadine cover?
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Type A only
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MOA of Amantadine and Rimantidine
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blockade of the viral membrane (M2) which acts as an ion channel required for viral/cell membrane fusion
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Amantadine and Rimantidine can be used in conjunction with what?
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vaccine
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Which one- Amantadine or Rimantidine- readily crosses BBB?
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Amantadine
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Which is metabolized by liver---Amantadine or Rimantidine?
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Rimantidine
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Adverse effects of Amantadine
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CNS related-- insomnia, dizziness, and ataxia
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What patients do you use caution with when using Amantadine and Rimantadine?
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pregnancy ad nursing
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What flu types are covered by Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and Zanamivir (Relenza)?
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Type A and B
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Tamiflu and Relenza reduce duration of flu by how many days if started within 12-48 hours of onset?
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1-3 days reduction
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hoe many days is Oseltamivir taken for prevention of flu?
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QD for 7 days
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Form of Zanamivir
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dry powder inhaler (not for asthma or COPD)
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Form of Tamiflu
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oral capsule taken with food or as suspension for kids
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MOA of Tamiflu and Relenza
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inhibition of viral neuraminidase and virus replication
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How is RSV spread?
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person to person
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What population can RSV be fatal in?
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premature babies less than 6 mths old, immune deficient babies, and infants with chronic lung disease
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Types of respiratory infections caused by RSV
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common cold in lower respiratory tract, bronchiolitis, and bronchopneumonia
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Drug prevention of RSV
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Palivizumab (Synagis)
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What patient population gets Synagis?
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high risk kids under 2
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