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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of a Nematode?
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Unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends
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Are Nematodes free living or parasitic?
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both
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What unique anatomic structures does the Nematode possess?
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A mouth, gut, and anus
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What is the most common helminth in the world that is also a Nematode?
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Ascariasis
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What is the most common helminth in the US that is also a Nematode?
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pinworm
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What are the 4 intestinal Nematodes?
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Strongyloidiasis, Ascariasis, Hookworm, Enterobiases
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What are the names of the Cutaneous larvae migrans?
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Toxocariasis and Trichinosis
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What are Cutaneous larvae migrans considered to be?
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Extraintestinal nematodes
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What is the most common strongyloidaisis species worldwide?
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Strongyloides stercoralis
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Where does S. Stercralis exist?
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in tropical, subtropical, and temperate areas including the Southern US (more frequently in rural areas)
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In what other settings is Strongyloidiasis found?
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In instituional settings and in lower socio-economic groups
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How are humans infected?
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Larvae invades bare feet from the soil, and travels via blood to lungs or trachea, then is swallowed. It attaches to intestinal wall, where it matures and lays eggs
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How do humans autoinfect themselves?
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Fecal - oral (some turn into larvae and infect the colon, where they leave the colon, headed for the lungs to re-start the same cycle)
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Are all patients symptomatic?
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1/3 are not
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What is the name of the the syndrome associated with pulmonary migration?
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Loeffler's syndrome
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When is Eosinophilia present?
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During the acute and chronic phases; absent with dissemination
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Are there any other sxs present besides the common ones associated with a bowel infection?
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Yes; Dermatologic, there is an urticarial rash associated
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How is Strongyloids diagnosed?
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Microscopic Identification of larvae from stool or duodenal aspirated fluid.
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Do you dismiss the diagnosis if no larvae is identified the 1st time?
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No, serial samples may be required
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What is the recommended diagnostic test?
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Enzyme immunoassay
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What is the recommended treatment?
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Ivermectin; and Albendazole
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Catch phrases in case study
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1. Worm found in diaper, 2. fever, irratibility, and loss of appetite, 3. vacation in Costa Rica
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