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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Body symmetry
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Bilateral, radial, lacking
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Define Cephalization
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sensory organs in the front of the organism
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Define Diploblastic and give an example
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when you have 2 different layers of tissue (cnidaria)
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Define Triploblastic and give an example
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when you have 3 different layers of tissue. (humans)
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What good are body cavities?
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Allows internal organs to work separately
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What are the types of body cavities?
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Acoelomates
Coelomate Psudocoelomate |
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How do they form? What are some phyla that display each type?
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Acoelomates – no cavity (platyhelmenthes)
Psudocoelomate – cavity formed from blastocoels (nematoda) Coelomate – cavity formed from splitting of mesoderm (earthworms) |
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What is a grade? Examples
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Group of animal species that share the same level of organizational complexity. Slug vs snail.
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What are some common problems that all animals have that require functional solutions?
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Getting oxygen to cells, nourishment, excreting waste, movement
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How does multicellularity solve the problem of exchange with the environment?
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Specialized cells are created in order to maintain each aspect of their respective function.
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What is osmoregulation and why is it important?
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Osmoregulation – a situation where an animal’s body controls how much water is actually pumped into or out of the body
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Hypertonic
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– referring to the one with a greater solute concentration
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Hypotonic
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– Referring to the one with a lower solute concentration.
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Isotonic
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– Having the same solute concentration as another solution
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Osmolarity
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– Solute concentration expressed as molarity
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Osmoconformers
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- Animal that does not actively adjust its internal osmolarity because it is isoosmotic with its environment
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Osmoregulators
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– Animal whose body fluids have a different osmolarity than the environment and that must either discharchge excess water if it lives in a hypoosmotic environment or take in water if it inhabits a hyperosmotic environment.
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Generally consider the constraints of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats on osmoregulation.
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Marine – constantly increase water gain. Increase salt loss
Freshwater – increase water loss. Maintain salt balance. Terrestrial - major adaptations to reduce water loss. |
