Introduction To The Human Body

Front 1

What are the six basic life processes?

Back 1

movement

Metabolism

responsiveness

differentiation

growth

Reproduction

Front 2

metabolism

Back 2

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body.

Front 3

Responsiveness

Back 3

The body's ability to detect and respond to changes. for example an increase in the body's temperature during a fever represents the change in the internal environment within the body.

Front 4

Movement

Back 4

Motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells. for example the coordinated action of leg muscles moves your whole body from one place to another when you walk or run.

Front 5

Growth

Back 5

An increase in the body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells, or both. For example bones growing, neural deposits accumulate between bone cells, causing the bone to grow in length and width

Front 6

Differentiation

Back 6

The development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state. stem cells

Front 7

Reproduction

Back 7

The first either to the formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement, or the production of a new individual.

Front 8

Intracellular fluid

Back 8

Body fluids that are de lutte watery solutions containing dissolved chemicals that are found inside the cell

Front 9

Interstitial fluid

Back 9

Extra cellular fluid that fills the narrow spaces between cells of tissues

Front 10

Blood plasma

Back 10

Extracellular fluid within blood vessels

Front 11

Lymph

Back 11

Extracellular fluid within lymphatic vessels

Front 12

A feedback system consists of what three parts?

Back 12

1. Receptor - a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends input to a control center

2. Control Center - set the range of values which a controlled condition should be maintained

3. effector - a body structure that receives output from the control center and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled condition

Front 13

Negative feedback system

Back 13

Versus a change in a controlled system

Front 14

Positive feedback system

Back 14

Strengthens or reinforces a change in one of the body's controlled conditions

Front 15

Anatomical position

Back 15

The subject and a rat facing the observer, with the head level in the eyes facing directly forward. And feet are flat on the floor and directed forward and the upper limbs are at the sides with the palms turned forward. In the anatomical position, the body is upright.

Front 16

Prone position

Back 16

Body is lying face down

Front 17

Supine position

Back 17

The body is lying face up

Front 18

Serous membrane

Back 18

A double layered membrane which covers the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal and also lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen

Front 19

Parietal layer

Back 19

One part of the serous membrane, a thin epithelium that lines the walls of the cavities

Front 20

Visceral layer

Back 20

One part of the Serous membrane, a thin epithelium that covers and adheres to the viscera within the cavities

Front 21

Serous fluid

Back 21

A small amount of lubricating fluid between the parietal layer and visceral layer of the serous membrane, it reduces friction and allows the viscera to slide someone during movements such as when the lungs inflate and deflate during breathing

Front 22

Pleura

Back 22

The serous membrane of the pleural cavities

Front 23

visceral pleura

Back 23

Clings to the surface of the lungs

Front 24

Parietal pleura

Back 24

The anterior part lines the chest wall, covering the superior surface of the diaphragm

Front 25

Pleural cavity

Back 25

The cavity located between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura

Front 26

Pericardium

Back 26

the serous membrane of the pericardial cavity

Front 27

Visceral pericardium

Back 27

Covers the surface of the heart

Front 28

Parietal pericardium

Back 28

Lines the chest wall

Front 29

Pericardial cavity

Back 29

The cavity located between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium, it is filled with a small amount of lubricating fluid

Front 30

Peritoneum

Back 30

The Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity

Front 31

Visceral peritoneum

Back 31

covers the abdominal viscera

Front 32

Parietal peritoneum

Back 32

Lines the abdominal wall covering the inferior surface of the diaphragm

Front 33

Peritoneal cavity

Back 33

The cavity located between the visceral peritoneum in the parietal peritoneum

Front 34

Where are most abdominal organs located?

Back 34

The peritoneal cavity

Front 35

Retroperitoneal

Back 35

Organs located between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall - some examples of this are the large intestines small intestines pancreas, and the kidneys

Front 36

Starting in the top left corner, what are the names of the abdominopelvic regions?

Back 36

1. Right hypochondriac region

2. Epigastric region

3. Left hypochondriac region

4. Right lumbar region

5. Umbilical region

6. Left lumbar region

7. Right inguinal region

8. Hypogastric region

9. Left iguinal region

Front 37

What are the two horizontal line that divide the abdominopelvic region?

Back 37

1. subcostal line - located below the ribs

2. transtubercular line - located inferior to the tops of the hip bones

Front 38

What are the two vertical lines the divide the abdominopelvic region?

Back 38

The right and left midclavicular lines