Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What's Social Psychology? |
It's the scientific discipline that attempts to understand and explain how the THOUGHTS, FEELINGS and BEHAVIOR of individuals are influenced by the ACTUAL, IMAGINED, or IMPLIED presence of others. |
|
|
What's another way to define Social Psychology? |
It's the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to EACH OTHER |
|
|
What is involved in the interaction of Person & Situation? |
1. Inner motivation 2. Outside situation We respond to outside contexts, as in the people who abused prisoners in Abu Ghraib (influenced by system/outside situation) |
|
|
What are the 4 general areas in Social Psychology? |
1. Thinking & Feeling 2. Relating 3. Belonging 4. Applying |
|
|
The Three Areas under "Thinking and Feeling" are |
1. The Social Self: Understanding ourselves 2. The Social Perceiver: Understanding the social world 3. The Social Judge: Attitudes, emotions and behavior |
|
|
The three areas under "Relating" are |
1. Communication 2. Persuasion 3. Close Relationships |
|
|
The FOUR areas under "Belonging" are |
1. The Social Group 2. Social Influence 3. Group Behavior 4. Intergroup Relations |
|
|
The 3 areas under "Applying" are |
1. Improving Intergroup Relations 2. Understanding & Controlling Aggression 3. Prosocial behaviors: Altruism and Justice |
|
|
When did Social Psychology emerge as a field? |
Early 20th century |
|
|
What's the history of Social Psychology in a nutshell? |
First, the was Mcdougall who introduced the concept of "group mind". Then, there was Allport who started experimental science. Then, behaviorism started - all that conditioning and social learning stuff. Then there was Gestalt Psychology which upheld the importance of perception and social influence as a whole interconnected process |
|
|
What's the main criticism toward behaviorism? |
It's too simplistic, treating humans like machines. |
|
|
What mainly happened during the cognitive revolution of the 1950s? |
New experimental tools were developed. |
|
|
What questions arose from WW2 that were pertinent to social psychology? |
1. Why did ordinary Germans turn on their friends and neighbours? 2. Why was there barely and resistance? 3. What separates those who did resist from those who didn't? |
|
|
What was the experiment that helped us understand why so many Germans did horrible things when ordered to? |
Stanley Milgram's Obedience Experiments (1963) |
|
|
What did Muzafer Sherif's 1956 Robber's Cave Experiment discover? |
That people compete and cooperate because they share common goals. This experiment went beyond explaining / understanding conflict but gave clues on how to resolve it (common goals) |
|
|
What is The Lucifer Effect, who came up with it? |
Philip Zimbardo came up with it to explain who good people turn evil / do bad things. His main proposition is that turning evil is related to environmental factors and authority given. If you're a good apple in a rotten barrel, you'll turn bad yourself no matter what. |
|
|
What are some other historical contexts that have given rise to research areas in social psychology? |
1. Rise of feminism: gender, power, abuse 2. School shootings: video games, violence 3. 9/11 attacks: terrorism, counter-terrorism 4. Technology boom: social networking, cyberbullying 5. Economic crash: scapegoating, discrimination 6. Globalization: immigraton, refugee crises |
|
|
What are some of the reasons common sense is not as common as we think? |
1. People often make flawed judgments : as in hindsight bias 2. We process information self-referentially: as in confirmation bias 3. We're very susceptible to social influence but not always aware of this: FAE 4. We're susceptible to our desires: we seek to form and sustain positive views of ourselves and what we care about. |
|
|
What can social psychology do to help with our tendencies to be socially inaccurate? |
1. It helps find basic social principles that are true across time 2. It provides a systematic means of understanding our social world |
|
|
What are some assumptions of Social Psychology? |
1. Social behavior is often goal-oriented 2. We share common motives, such as to understand ourselves and others, establish social ties, attract mate/s, defend ourselves and our values. 3. People are not always aware of the reasons for their behavior |
|
|
What's the upside and downside of correlational research? |
Up: - taps into ppl's beliefs, attitudes, values - reveals patterns - allows for prediction - easy to administer Down: - wrong reports due to social desirability factor - demand characteristics, i.e. trying to please experimenter - we cannot conclude causation |
|
|
What's the upside and downside of observational research? |
Up: - info collected in context it occurs - rarely done in the lab - can observe things that are risky / unethical to create in experiments - Can spur further research Down: - no control, can't manipulate anything - observer bias - observer's presence changing how people behave |
|
|
What are the 2 types of experiments done in social psychology? |
1. Laboratory 2. Field |
|
|
Which is most common? |
Lab |
|
|
What's the purpose of doing lab experiments? |
To be able to validly make cause and effect conclusions |
|
|
What do lab experiments have that field do not |
Lab experiments have control whereas field experiments do not |
|
|
Can we manipulate in a field experiment? |
Yes |
|
|
Is a lab or field experiment more likely to reflect real life? |
Field, but this makes it difficult to replicate whereas replication is possible in lab experiments (downside is artificiality) |
|
|
What's Social Neuroscience? |
A field where neuroimaging is used to find out where in the brain social processes occur. |
|
|
Why use Virtual Reality Environment Technology (VRET) to study social processes? |
1. We can simulate real-world environments WITH control (lab and field together) 2. We can collect data in real-time 3. There is such a thin as The Proteus Effect, which makes virtual representations a valid way to study how we behave. |
|
|
What's The Proteus Effect? |
The tendency for people's behavior to change in accordance to their digital representations. |
|
|
What's the problem with VRET? |
- It's time-limited - Would require coding skills - It's expensive (for now) |
|
|
What are 2 other approaches to study social processes? |
1. Qualitative 2. Mixed Methods |
|
|
What does qualitative research focus on? |
How we make meaning or make sense of our surroundings. |
|
|
What is an added dimension of mixed methods? |
Greater validity of results and more nuance |
