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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychology |
the scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior. |
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Biopsychology or behavioral neuroscience |
investigation of the physical basis for psychological phenoma memory, emotion and stress examining the electrical and chemical processes in the nervous system that underlie mental events |
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localisation of function |
extent to which different parts of the brain control different aspects of functioning |
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Broca's area |
difficulty producing speech (left) can comprehend |
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Wernicke's area |
cannot comprehend or form sentences that make sense(right) - otherwise perfect grammar and words "word salad" |
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free will vs determinism |
do we make choices or our actions decided by external factors outside of our control? |
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nature vs nurture |
are we genetically and biologically determined or does our environmental and social ties influence us?
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rationalism vs empiricism |
to what extent does our knowledge come from logic and reason, and what comes from observation? |
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reason vs emotion |
to what extent are we guided by logic and what extent by our emotions?
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concious vs unconcious |
to what extent are we aware of ourselves? |
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mental vs physical |
to what extent do we understand psychological events? |
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introspection |
wundt - looking inwards, consciousness, and reporting on one's experience founded structuralism |
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functionalism |
titchener - stated that consciousness was a function that served a purpose |
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paradigm |
broad system of theoretical assumptions employed by a scientific community that includes shared models, metaphors and methods |
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psychodynamic perspective descriptive studies |
sigmund freud our conscious and unconscious thoughts interact to control thoughts and behaviors Awareness is like an iceberg speech and dream analysis case studies |
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EGO |
Conscious contact with the outside world. physical |
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ID |
pleasure principle, primary process thinking. Our wish fulfillment. Difficult to retrieve material, well below surface |
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SUPEREGO |
moral imperatives - contains both concious and ideal ego social component |
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Behaviorist perspective experimental studies |
classical conditioning - pavlov and his dog operant - skinner and his box for rats view that environmental stimuli can control behavior through learning, without reference to internal thoughts Humans are like a black box, mechanistic. |
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Humanistic perspective |
Carl Rogers and Maslow focuses on uniqueness and innate goodness of humans to reach self-actualization Cream always rises to the top |
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Maslows hierarchy of needs |
food, water, warmth, rest - basic security, safety love - intimate needs esteem needs - accomplishment self-actualisation, fulfilling ones goals, dreams, creativity, morals |
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Cognitive perspective |
Herb Simon, Descartes focuses on how people process, store and retrieve information Mind is like a computer - experimental processes |
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Evolutionary perspective |
Darwin, Wilson Some behaviors are biologically determined. Human behaviors evolved because they helped us survive and reproduce survival is a race to the finish - deductive/descriptive methods- WHY we feel/think/behave |
