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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the components of a nurse-patient relationship? |
client focused - relationship should be centered on the issues of the patient and ways to help them. not the other way around. professional relationship - no flirting, engaging in romantic relationship with patients, or invade personal space. goal-oriented and purposeful - focus on achieving goals and having purposeful conversations. |
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what are the sciences that psych nurses use to obtain knowledge as a basis of practice? |
psychosocial science biophysical science theories of personality theories of human behavior |
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how do you establish a rapport? |
listen observe for assessment ask questions ALL THESE THINGS SHOW INTEREST AND GENERAL CONCERN BUILDING TRUST BETWEEN NURSES AND PATIENT. |
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what are the criterion for mental health? |
the criterion for mental health are standards used to judge a person' mental state. these include: positive attitude towards self - this focuses on self-esteem (how does the patient view themselves). does the patient think of themselves as worthy and valuable or useless and undeserving of anything? growth/development/self-actualization - this focuses on goals and being goal-driven i.e. chasing a career or passion etc. does the patient have an goals he/she desires to achieve. integration - this focuses on a patient's ability to handle stress and/or changes. what does the patient do to handle their stress/changes? does the patient mediate or drink all day? autonomy - independence, this focuses on the patient's ability to care for themselves i.e. bath, brush, eat etc. does the patient care about themselves enough? reality perception - this focuses on being in touch with reality. does the patient know what is going on in his/her life? environmental mastery - this focuses on having control over situations. does the patient feel as if he/she has any control over their issues or do they feel helpless? |
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what is the biopsychosocial component? |
the biopsychosocial components are the aspects that can contribute to a patient being mental ill. predisposing factors - such as genetics, personality, gender etc things that a patient was born with that can contribute to mental illness. Example: pt. has the schizophrenia gene (predisposing factor) that can contribute to mental illness. precipitating stressors - these are stimulis that can threaten a person's mental health. these stimulis can be internal (physical illness) or external (divorce). Example: a pt. was laid off 6 months ago and has been finding it difficult securing a job. the inability to do has caused him to view himself worthless and has driven him to depression and suicide attempts. appraisal of stressor - this is how the stressor is viewed as to the patient. Example. pt. A has been divorced as she it (stressor) as an opportunity to star afresh, while pt. B sees her divorce as the ending of her life. coping resources - theses are things or people used to help deal with the stress. Example: pt. has been divorced and uses alcohol to deal with the stress. the alcohol is her coping resource. coping mechanism - this is the method used to deal with stress. it can be either constructive or destructive. Example: pt. has lost her husband to cancer and deals with the lose by drinking (coping mechanism) a bottle of vodka (coping resource) every night. |
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what are the 4 phases of a nurse-patient relationship? |
1. preinteraction phase - during this phase, the nurse obtains information about his/her patient and self-evaluate their feelings towards their patient. Example: nurse obtains info that her patient is a pedophile and has raped his daughter, the nurse must now evaluate her feelings about the patient in order to help without judgement. TESTING BEHAVIOR OCCURS HERE 2. orientation phase - during this time the nurse introduces themselves to their patient and get acquainted. during this time the patient may test the nurse to see if he/she is genuine and trustworthy. Example: after nurse smith has met her patient the patient tells her that she wants to share a deep dark secret but it must not be told to anyone else. in order for nurse smith to build a rapport with her patient she tells her not to share it because she will let others know. 3. working phase - during this phase the nurse and patient work together to achieve whatever goals were set during the orientation phase. this phase can be challenging as the patient may not want to share anything or do anything needed for his/her treatment. 4. termination phase - during this stage the therapeutic relationship comes to a close for many of reasons - goals met, pt. is being discharged, clinical rotation ending etc. in this phase the nurse must evaluate that goals have been met, plan pt. discharge, and explore discharge anxiety (does the patient have any feelings of abandonment?) |
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how does the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship differ from a social relationship? |
ethical and professional responsibility - no romantic relationship, no giving out phone numbers, home address, no telling patients your personal issues etc. HENCE WHATEVER CAN BE DONE IN A SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP CANNOT BE DONE IN A NURSE-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP. |
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what is the difference between self-awareness and self-exploration? |
self-awareness - is when you are aware of your beliefs but do not let them affect your interaction with patients who may differ in beliefs. Example: you are against abortions but your patient has had one or two before, you do not let your beliefs cloud your judgement towards your patient. self-exploration - examining your feelings about a certain patient. Examples: how do you feel about pedophiles? |
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what are some therapeutic communication techniques used build rapport? |
listening - promotes understanding of patient's situation. S - sit and face the patient O - open posture (uncrossed arms and legs to show you are open to what patient has to say) L - lean forward toward the patient (shows you are interested in what is being said, however do not intrude personal space). E - eye contact (shows willingness to listen to patient). R - relax (shows you are in no rush) broad opening - "what would you like to talk about today?" this enables the patient to take initiative in introducing the topic, thus making the patient important. restating - main idea of what client said is being repeated back. this shows the nurse has been listening. clarification - helps to understand. |
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what are some therapeutic communication techniques used to get patients to elaborate?
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reflection - attaching an emotion to what the patient states. Example: pt - chemotherapy doesn't work. nurse - I sense you're disappointed about your treatment method. focusing - narrowing in on a single idea or word to gain more information. Example: pt - I hate my mom. nurse - can you tell me more about our relationship with your mom. sharing perception - the nurse checks in to see if he/she sees (nonverbal) or hearing (verbal) is accurate. Example: pt is seen being social but tells the nurse he feels bad the nurse ask, I see that you are being social and smiling among people, but are having a bad day? theme identification - pointing out repeated patterns of behavior. Example: pt. states he feels angry at his wife and boss and everyone is just so annoying, nurse states it seems you are angry a lot would you like address it? silence - allows for the patient to collect their thoughts and/or sort through them. |
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what is the difference between informing and suggesting? |
informing: providing the patient with information to enhance wellness. suggesting: offering patients alternatives or healthy ways to cope or of solving problems. |
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when is testing behavior? |
testing behavior is when patients test the nurse to determine if the nurse is genuine, caring and if their intent is to help them. they test the nurse to see if the nurse is consistent - will he/she follow unit policies, can they be manipulate? can they be trusted? |
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what are blockers of progression in the therapeutic relationship? |
resistance - when the patient refuses to change when needed. this occurs in the work phase. transference - pt. unconsciously displaces or transfers to the nurse feelings formed towards another person in the patient's past. counter-transference - the nurse displacement of emotion onto the patient may be conscious or unconscious. generated by the patients qualities. |
