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79 Cards in this Set
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Two classification of fungi |
Molds and Yeasts |
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Preffered pH of fungi |
Neutral pH (pH 7) |
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What is necessary for the growth of fungi |
Moisture |
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Common modes of transmission of fungi |
Inhalation of spores Direct contact with spores Inoculation by trauma into the skin Person to person contact Animal to person contact |
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Differentiate cell type of Yeast and Molds |
Y: unicelluar M: Multicelluar |
M for M ;) |
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Differentiate yeast and molds appearance in agar |
Y: smooth, creamy, bacterial-like colony without aerial hyphae M: fuzzy/ wooly appearance |
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Differentiate how Yeasts and molds are being identified |
Y: biochemical testing M: microscopic appearance |
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On what temperature does yeast grows |
35'C - 37'C |
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Differentiate yeast and mold reproduction |
Y: budding/ fission M: mostly sexual |
M for malibog hahahaha |
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Involves maturation of the bud to an independent bladtoconidium (daughter cell) |
Budding |
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In this reproduction two cells of equal size are formed |
Fission |
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On what temperature does mold grows |
25'C |
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Part of molds that appears fuzzy and wooly. It is also the intertwining structure composed of tubular filaments called hyphae |
Mycelia |
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Microscopic filaments of fungi |
Hyphae |
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Contains fruiting bodies that produce reproductive structures |
Aerial mycelia |
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Extend downward into the medium to absorb nutrient |
Vegetative mycelia or Thallus |
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Classification of hyphae according to shape |
Antler Racquet Spiral Rhizoids |
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Swollen, branching tips that resemble moose antlers |
Antler hyphae |
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Tightly coiled hyphae |
Spiral hyphae |
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Enlarged, club-shaped areas |
Racquet hyphae |
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Rootlike structures hyphae |
Rhizoids |
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Cross-walls occuring perpendicularly to the outer walls of the hyphae |
Septate |
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Few Cross-walls at irregular intervals |
Sparsely septate |
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Absence of septation, continuous without cross walls |
Aseptate |
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Aseptate has been used to describe the hyphae of? |
Zygomycetes |
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Other term for hyaline |
Moniliaceous |
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Other term for phaeiodb |
Dematiaceous |
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Pigmentation of hyaline |
Nonpimegmented / Lightly pigmented |
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Pigmentation of Phaeiod |
Dark pigmented |
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Where does melanin is present? Hyaline or Phaeiod |
Phaeoid |
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All fungal elements appear black in this stain |
Gomori methylene stain |
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Stains melanin to determine hyphal pigmentation in tissue |
Fontana-Masson stain |
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Differentiate hyphae colors of Phaeiod and hyaleine hyphae in a Fontana-Masson stain |
Phaeiod hyphae: brown Hyaline hyphae: pink to red |
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It is a fungi that has an ability to exist in two forms dependent on growth conditions |
Dimorphic fungi |
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Two phases of dimorphic fungi and differentiate it |
Mold phase: grows at room temp (22'C to 25'C) Yeast or spherule phase: seen in vivo or grows at 37'C with increased CO2 |
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Thermally dimorphic fungal spp associated with human disease |
Blastomyces dermatitidis Coccidioides immitis Histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Sporothrix schenckii Penicillium marneffei |
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It has has both Yeast and mold forms in the same culture |
Polymorphic fungi |
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What spp are polymorphic in form |
Exophilia spp |
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Formed as a result of asexual reproduction following mitosis |
Conidia |
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Specialized fruiting structures that carries asexual reproduction |
Conidiogenous cells |
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Parent cell enlarges, septum forms and the enlarged portion splits off to form daughter cells |
Blastic |
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Septum forms first and new growth beyond the septum becomes daughter cell |
Thallic |
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Asexual spores that form on the hyphae or conidiophore |
Conidia |
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Specialized fruiting structures |
Conidiogenous cells |
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Vaselike structures thst produce phialoconidia |
Conidia |
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Ringed structures that produce annelloconidia |
Annellides |
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Enumerate conidia formation |
Macroconidia Microconidia Blastoconidia (blastospores) Chlamydoconidia Arthroconidia Sporangiospores |
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Spores develop from what form of mycelium |
Vegetative mycelium |
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Daughter cell that buds from mother cell, hyphae or pseudohyphae |
Blastoconidia |
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Formed from rounding up and enlargment of hyphal segments |
Chlamydoconidia (chlamydospores) |
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Fragmentation of the hyphae into barrel or rectangular shape spores |
Arthroconidia |
Arthroconidia |
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Contains in sac. Produced at tip of sporangiophore |
Sporangiospores (sporangium) |
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Requires the joining of two compatible nuclei, followed by meiosis. Spore products |
Sexual production |
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Fusion of 2 identical cells from same hyphae. Conjugation fungi |
Zygospore |
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Fusion from 2 separate non identified hyphae |
Oospore |
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Contained in saclike ascus |
Ascospore (Sac fungi) |
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Contained in a club-shaped basidium |
Badiospore |
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These are septate hyphaes |
Ascoscpore Basidiospore |
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Sexual form |
Teleomorph |
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Asexual form |
Anamorph |
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More than one anamorph is present for the same teleomorph and produces more than one asexual form |
Synanamorph |
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Psedolalleschena boydii is a teleomoprh and has two anamorphs. What are these two anamorphs |
Scedosporium boydii and Graphium spp |
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Most causative agents of clinical fungi infections |
Glomeromycota Ascomycots Basidiomycota Fungi imperfecti (deuteromycota) |
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On what order does phlum glomeromycota belongs |
Mucorales |
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4 genera of mucolares |
Lictheimia Mucor Rhizomncor Rhizopus |
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Describe mucorales |
All are soil dwelling Rapid growers Opportunistic pathogens Profuse, gray to white, aerial mycelium Hyaline: sparsely septate hyphae |
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Asexual reproduction is characterized by presence of this |
Sporangiospores |
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Asexual spores produced in this structure |
Sporangium |
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Sporangiun develops from a supporting structure called |
Sporangiophore |
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Some of sporangium reproduce sexually to produce? |
Zygospore |
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Characterized by production of sexual spores known as ascospores |
Ascomycota |
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Where does ascospores form |
Ascus |
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Example of a Basidiomycota |
Filobasidella neoformans |
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Perfect sexual form of cryptococcus neoformans |
Filobasidiella neoformans |
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Occur at the septations in the vegetative hyphae |
Clamp connections |
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A portion of the hypha on one side of the septation grows out anf connects to the hypha on the other side of the septum |
Clamp connections |
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Contains the largest no. Of organisms that are causative agents of mycoses |
Fungi imperfecti |
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Filobasidiella neoformans is a perfect sexual form of? |
Cryptococcus neoformans |
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Identified on the basis of characteristic asexual reproductive structures |
Fungi imperfecti |
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