Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is the CLR?
|
The CLR (Common Language Runtime) is s the main runtime engine for .Net . This is responsible for verifying type safety, garbage collection and error handling along with Code Access Security. All code that is executed by the CLR ( or targeted to run by the CLR) is called managed code. Any code that is executed directly on the Operating System is called unmanaged code. CLR implements Code Access Security based on the evidence for an Assembly. Evidence can be such as from which site the code is being downloaded, any strong name key available or digital signatures and assigns the code to a particular code group based on the evidence. Each code group has a set of permissions which define what all the assembly can access and perform. By default memory management is done by CLR and the garbage collection runs as a low priority thread. The execution of this is non deterministic. This implies that no more pointer access by default. Relinquishing of memory is done by the garbage collection once the object are marked for garbage collection.
|
|
|
|
What is the FCL?
|
In the .NET Framework classes, interfaces, and value types are bundled together into a library. With all of those elements bundled together the development process is much faster because all needed elements are there and ready to go. It also creates a more efficient environment by making system functionality readily accessible. One of the big advantages of the Microsoft .NET platform is due to the FCL. As long as the compiler conforms to the Common Language Specifications(CLS), any programming language can use the .NET Framework types. This greatly increases the ease of interoperability between languages.
|
|
|
|
What is the CLS?
|
CLS is a subset of the Common Type System and a set of conventions for promoting interoperability between programming languages and the .NET Framework. CLS details conventions that must be followed by class library authors and by programming language designers.
|
|
|
|
What is the CTS?
|
CTS is the .NET Framework specification for defining, declaring, and managing types in .NET languages for the Common Language Runtime (CLR). All .NET components must comply with the CTS specification.
|
|
|
|
What is the CLI?
|
The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an International Standard that is the basis for creating execution and development environments in which languages and libraries work together seamlessly. The CLI specifies a virtual execution system that insulates CLIcompliant programs from the underlying operating system. Where virtual execution systems are developed for different operating systems, programs written with CLI-compliant languages can be run in these different systems without recompiling, or worse, rewriting.
|
|
|
|
What is metadata?
|
Along with the Common Type System, metadata is at the heart of the CLI.
etadata describes the code by describing the types that the code defines and the types that the code references externally. There is enough information stored in the metadata to (among other things): * Manage code execution (load, execute, manage memory, and inspect execution state) * Install code, resolve implementation versions, and perform other administrative functions * Enable cross-language operation Metadata provides information to tools like debuggers and verifiers, and it permits communication between tools. Among the information the metadata contains is the following: * A description of the deployment unit (the assembly), called the manifest * Descriptions of all of the types in each module * Signatures of all methods in each module * Custom attributes in each module |
|
|
|
What is a virtual machine?
|
The virtual machine is a program which takes compiled intermediate code and executes it on a particular computer.
|
|
|
|
What is the .NET Runtime?
|
Microsoft's name for its virtual machine.
|
|
|
|
What is a software layer?
|
A software layer is existing code created by software developers that provide functionality that you can use. The .NET Framework Class Library is an example
|
FCL
|
|
|
What is meant by 'best practice'?
|
Conclusions that other programmers have come to after years of experience.
|
|
|
|
What is meant by 'interpreted language'?
|
A computer programming language that compiled to an intermediate language that is then interpreted by each type of computer they reside.
|
|
|
|
What is MSIL?
|
MSIL, Microsoft Intermediate Language, prounouced 'missle' is a language that all .NET languages outputs that the CLR understands. MSIL is what makes your code platform independent. As long as the .NET runtime is on a given machine it will load the assembly using the JIT (Just-in-time) compiler.
|
|
|
|
What are the components of a .NET Framework?
|
From top to bottom:
First tier: Applications (GUIs, Console and Windows service apps) and Web forms/sites and Web services Second tier: Data (ADO.NET), XML and Code Libraries Third tier: Base Classes (Foundation Class Library [FCL]) Fourth tier: Common Language Runtime (CLR) |
|
|
|
Explain the relationship between code, a compiler and a virtual machine.
|
The relationship between code, a compiler and a virtual machine are the following: code is what you write, the compiler takes the code and converts it into IL (intermediate language) code for the .NET Runtime (virtual machine). The .NET Runtime takes the IL code and executes it.
|
|
|
|
List the software development goals and why each is important.
|
The software development goals are:
• Create software that fulfill requirements and is accurate. – When developing software, you have to make sure that you give them what they specified. It is not up to you to demand how the software is to work; let them decide what is needed. Your job is to develop the software not design. • Write software with few bugs. – When developing software, try to minimize errors. Don’t just do ‘just enough’. Doing just enough will cause you to revisit the software over and over again. Your goal is to develop solid software, aka code, and meet deadlines. This is done by knowing the fundamentals and abiding by the best practices. • Create software that is reusable. – Good UI and architecture for reuse will save you many headaches in future. This is done by knowing the fundamentals and abiding by the best practices. • Create software that performs well – Learn to write good code that is efficient; learn to optimize your code. Writing optimized code takes years to develop, but by knowing the fundamentals and abiding by best practices, you will begin to lean skills to optimize your code. |
|
|
|
What are the four basic phases of software development life cycle?
|
the planning, development, testing and deployment phases.
|
|
|
|
In the software development life cycle what is the planning phase?
|
The planning phase is the phase where you are determining what you will build and how you will build it, test it and deploy it.
|
|
|
|
In the software development life cycle what is the development phase?
|
The development phase is the phase where you build the application using code and the visual designer according to the plan.
|
|
|
|
In the software development life cycle what is the testing phase?
|
The testing phase is the phase where you test the application's inputs and outputs to ensure the application performs as planned.
|
|
|
|
In the software development life cycle what is the deployment phase?
|
The deployment phase is the phase where you make the application ready to be distributed and following your plan ensuring your application is ready for use.
|
|
|
|
In Visual Studio, what is a solution?
|
A solution organized source code into one or more projects.
|
|
|
|
In Visual Studio, what is a project?
|
A project organized source code by gathering all the files necessary to create an assembly, plus other resources like external dlls, images, etc.
|
|
|
|
In Visual Studio, what are the steps to create a new project?
|
File->New->Project->New Project Dialog->Visual C# Projects-> (Windows Application, Class Library, etc)
|
|
|
|
In Visual Studio, what is the purpose of a Deployment Project?
|
Deployment projects create an installation program that places your files and settings for your program on the desired computer.
|
|
