Intro To Rt

Front 1

Anaplastic

Back 1

A pathologic description of cells, describing a loss of differentiation and more primitive appearance.

Undifferentiated

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Benign

Back 2

Generally well differentiated and do not metastasize or invade surrounding normal tissue.

Encapsulated and slow growing

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Biopsy

Back 3

Surgical removal of a small tissue sample from a solid tumor to determine the pathology for the diagnosis of disease

Front 4

Brachytherapy

Back 4

Radiation treatment at a short distance accomplished by inserting radioactive sources directly into or near the tumor site

Front 5

Cellular Differentiation

Back 5

A stem cell that undergoes mitosis and divides into daughter cells.

It is the degree to which a cell resembles its cell of origin in morphology and function.

Front 6

Carcinoma

Back 6

Tumors that originate from the epithelium and include all tissues that cover a surface or line a cavity

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En bloc

Back 7

French term meaning "in one block" In surgical cancer care it means "in one specimen"

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Epidemiology

Back 8

Study of defining the distribution and determinants causing disease and injury in human populations

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Etiology

Back 9

Study of the causes of disease

Front 10

Exophytic

Back 10

Tumors that project from an epithelial surface

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Malignant

Back 11

Tumors that often invade and destroy normal surrounding tissue and, if left untreated, can cause the death of the host

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Metastasize

Back 12

Process of tumors spreading to a site in the body distant from the primary site

Front 13

Necrosis

Back 13

Death or disintegration of a cell or tissue caused by disease or injury

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NED

Back 14

"no evidence of disease"

At the time of patient follow-up examination, there is no residual cancer noted

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Oncogenes

Back 15

Gene that regulates the development and growth of cancerous tissues

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Palliation

Back 16

Non-curative treatment to relive pain and suffering when the disease has reached the stage at which a cure is no longer possible

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Prognosis

Back 17

Estimation of life expectancy

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Radiation Oncologist

Back 18

Physician who reviews the medical findings with the patient and discusses treatment options and the benefits of radiation therapy as well as the possible side effects

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Radiation Therapist

Back 19

Medical practitioner on the radiation oncology team who sees the patient daily and is responsible for performing simulation, treatment delivery and daily assessment of patient tolerance to treatment

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Dosimetrist

Back 20

Radiation therapy practitioner responsible for production of the patient's treatment plan and any associated quality assurance components

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Sarcoma

Back 21

Tumors arising from mesenchymal cells or connective tissue

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Adenocarcinoma

Back 22

Epithelial cells that are glandular. An example is the tissue lining the stomach. Tumor originating in the cells of this lining is called adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Front 23

Sentinel Node

Back 23

Primary drainage lymph node of a specific anatomic area. For example, the sentinel node for the breast is most commonly located near the axilla

Front 24

Linear Energy Transfer

Back 24

Average energy deposited per unit path length to a medium by ionizing radiation as it passes through that medium.

An average value calculated by dividing the energy deposited in keV by the distance traveled in mictometers

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Relative Biologic Effectiveness

Back 25

The ration of biological effectiveness of one type of ionizing radiation relative to another, given the same amount of absorbed energy.

RBE equals dose from 250 keV x-ray divided by dose from test radiation to produce the same biologic effect.

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TD 5/5

Back 26

Dose of radiation that is expected to produce a 5% complication rate within 5 years

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TD 50/5

Back 27

Dose of radiation that is expected to produce a 50% complication rate within 5 years

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Baseline

Back 28

Initial study performed so that future studies can be compared with the original values

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Excisional Biopsy

Back 29

Removal of the entire tumor by cutting it out so that a diagnosis can be made

Front 30

Incisional Biopsy

Back 30

Act of cutting into tissue to remove part of the tumor so that a diagnosis can be made

Front 31

Palpation

Back 31

Use of touch to acquire information about the patient. Physician palpates the patient by using the tips of the fingers