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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the 2 stages of communication of information within or between neurons
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conduction and transmisson
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Together, the two stages of communication of information within or between neurons (conduction and transmission) are referred to as what?
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electrochemical action of neurons
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resting potential
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the difference in electric charge between the inside and the outside of a neuron's cell membrane
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The resting potential is (blank) charged.
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negatively
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In the resting state, INSIDE the membrane, there is a high concentration of (blank)
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a positively charged potassium ion
and negatively charged protein ions |
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In the resting state, OUTSIDE the membrane, there is a high concentration of (blank)
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positively charged sodium ions
and negatively charged chloride ions |
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action potential
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an electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's axon to a synapse
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refractory period
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the time following an action potential during which a new action potential cannot be initiated
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the myelin sheath facilitates the (blank)
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transmission of the action potential
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nodes of Ranvier
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the breakpoints between the myelin clumps around the axon
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saltatory conduction
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the conduction that occurs when the electric current jumps from node to node
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terminal buttons
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knoblike structures that branch out from an axon
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neurotransmitters
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chemicals that transmit information across the synapse to a receiving neuron's dendrites
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receptors
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parts of the cell membrane that receive the neurotransmitter and initiate or prevent a new electric signal
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presynaptic neuron
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the "sending" neuron
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postsynaptic neuron
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the receiving neuron
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synaptic transmission allows neurons to (blank)
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communicate with one another and ultimately underlies your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
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neurons tend to form (blank) in the brain
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pathways
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neurotransmitters and receptor sites act like a (blank) system
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lock and key
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reuptake
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occurs when neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the terminal buttons of the presynaptic neuron's axons
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enzyme deactivation
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process in which specific enzymes break down specific neurotransmitters
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autoreceptors
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the receptor sites that neurotransmitters can bind to
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