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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is memory |
retention of info over time |
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what are 3 facts about memory |
it is not stable, reliable, or permanent |
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what is memory illusion |
a false but believable memory ex your representative heuristic may lead you to believe that there was the other other word in the sentence bc usually the 2 words go hand in hand |
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what are the 3 types of memory |
sensory memory (decays rapidly, detects senses with no further interpretation <1 second, it will get replaced by other stimuli if it is not taken for interpretation) sensory memory keeps our memory in a buffer area it needs to be paid attention to in order to enter our short term memory Short term memory (last around 30 seconds) once sensory information has been given attention to it enters our STM, it contains our working memory (so things that we are currently working with, processesing), unless items in STM are practised or rehearsed they will fade Long term memory: ranges from minutes to years, contains permastore (permanent info after 2 years the info you remeber wont decrease after this mark |
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what is interference what are the types |
interference is the major factor for forgetting, occurs when stimuli are similar 1) proactive interference: inability to retain new information because of interference from old information (trying to learn spanish but it gets influenced by your french ) 2) retroactive interference intability to retain old info because new info is pushing it out of the way (your spanish (new language) influences your french (old language) |
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whats the magic number for short term memory retention |
7 give or take 2 (able to repeat forward and backward) |
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what are some of the ways we expand short term memory (the duration) |
chunking (grouping) rehearsal (repition) depth of processing (making connections) spacing effect (go and come back) |
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what is serial recall, what is free recall |
serial is remember things in exact order free recall is remeber everything in any order you can |
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what is the primacy effect, recency effect |
primacy is things you learn first effect your recall ability recency is things you learnt last effect your recall ability |
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von-restordd effect |
things that are odd or stand out to you will stand out the most |
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what is serial position curve |
demonstrates both primacy and recency effects by showing the number of people that recall things on a list based on the order |
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what does the curve of forgetting show |
that it is important to review info consecutively after learning it in order to avoid forgetting it |
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what are the types of long term memory |
explicit (semantics "what aka facts" & episodic "where, when how") implicit (things you remember unconsciously through exposure but can still influence our behaviour) |
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what is a flashbulb memory |
it shows detailed memory of emotional events for the individual type of episodic memory/explicit |
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what are the types of implicit memory |
priming (acivation of schema that influences the way you perceive information) procedural (memory of motor skils, rmeber how to do things) |
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describe the information processing of memory |
1) encoding: getting info into our memory banks 2)storage: process of keep the information in your memory 3)retrieval :reactivation, reconstruction of experiences using our memory stores |
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what role does attention play in memory |
attention allows for encoding, it allows sensory memory to turn into short term memory |
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what are mnenomics |
tricks for helping us memorize acronims, peg words (two is show) |
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what influences the way we store memory |
expectation, attention, arousal, context |
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describe retrieval |
reconstruction of memory from our memory store |
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what is a cued recall |
things that remind you of category word belongs to "hint" |
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what does curve of forgetting teach us in regards to studying |
let us remember for test butlittle retention in the long run |
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how is retrieval affected by context, or mood |
when you encode something when in a specific context or mood you will have an esier time retrieving it in a similar context and mood |
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where is most of our memories stored |
prefrontal cortex |
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retrograde amnesia |
cant remember anything before the amnesia started |
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anterograde amnesia |
cant remember anything from after amnesia started |
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describe hm's condition and what is showed us |
hm's conditioend showed us that temporal lobe is essential for formation of new memories (converting short term to long term memories -->there was no encoding issues but problem lied in storage ability) he still has implicit memory though because this was not in temporal lobe, still had IQ perform card sorting task (frontal lobe), had short term also in frontal lobe, had anterograde amnesia, it showed us that memory is dissociated into different regions of the brain and that temporal lobe is used for declarative info as well as forming new memories (converting short term into long term) |
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how does age influence memory development |
as you age magic number reaches 7, while conceptual understandign also increases therefore increasing your memory abilities. - when age to certain extent your memory deteriotes have trouble recalling, but still can recognize |
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what is infantile amnesia |
inability to remember events as a kid |
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what are some false types of memories |
flashbulb: will tell them sometimes in one way then years later another way, peolple in 911 who werent even there will create memory of it because it ws something so emotional source monitoring confusion: confusion on where memory comes from (leads to you making assumpotions ) |
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whats cryptomnesia |
you fail to realize your ideas come from somewhere else |
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whats misinformation effect |
creation of fictious memories of an event after it takes place, asking misleading info can cause people to recount a false memory |
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what does reconsolidation mean |
it means the window in which your memories that you just formed can be manipulated, after memories become more stable |
