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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Front (Term) What are the three types of learning? |
Back (Definition) Classical conditioning, operational conditioning, observational conditioning |
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John B. Watson and BF Skinner believed that ______ should be the foundation of psychological science. |
observation of behavior |
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These are involuntary responses |
Unconditional stimulus/ unconditional response |
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This does not produce a response |
Neutral stimulus |
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This is from the Neutral stimulus |
Conditioned stimulus |
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this is the same as an unconditional response |
Conditional response |
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This refers to the tendency to have conditioned response is triggered by related stimuli |
Generalization |
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The learned ability to only respond to specific stimuli preventing generalizatio |
Discrimination |
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Law of effect states |
Pleasant consequences increase behavior, unpleasant consequences decrease behavior |
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how did BF Skinner formalize the law of effect? |
He said reinforcement strengthens behavior, punishment weakens Behavior |
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When you present a stimulus in the behavior increases, this is |
Positive reinforcement |
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When you remove stimulus and the behavior increases this is |
Negative reinforcement |
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When you present stimulus and behavior decreases |
Positive punishment |
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When you remove stimulus and behavior decreases |
Negative punishment |
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Reinforcement guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior |
shaping |
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Those that can reinforce behavior without prior learning for example food water sex and comfort |
primary or unconditioned reinforcement |
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Stimuli that acquire capacity to reinforce behavior through prior learning |
Conditioned reinforcement |
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reinforcement is contingent on a fixed number of response |
Fixed ratio |
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On average every nth response is reinforced for example working on commission, starting a lawnmower, gambling |
Variable ratio |
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Behavior is reinforced the first time it occurs after a constant interval for example checking the oven, looking at clock during class |
fixed interval |
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Behavior is reinforced the first time it occurs after a variable interval. Example channel surfing or calling someone |
Variable interval |
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Punishment in order to be effective needs to be |
Immediate, certain, moderately severe, |
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You only have to go through this pairing one time in order to have a conditional response |
Taste Version |
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Playing the Breland and Breland experiment |
They attempted to get a raccoon to put a coin in the piggy bank, but soon the raccoon thought the coil was food Due to biological tendencies |
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This means our choices are affected as we see others consequences for the behavior |
Vicarious reinforcement and punishment |
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These fire and reflect the actions or feelings of others |
Mirror neurons |
