Intro To Psych

Front 1

Social Psychology

Back 1

How people think and feel in social situations.

Front 2

Social Cognition

Back 2

Mental rocesses people use to make sense out of their social environment.

Front 3

Social Influence

Back 3

Focuses on the effects of situatuonal factors and other people on an individual's social behavior.

Front 4

In-group/out group bias

Back 4

1. In-group is a social group to which one belongs.
2. Out-group is a group to which one does not belong.

Front 5

Person perception mental processes

Back 5

Mental processes we use to form judgement of others. 4 principles
1. Your reactions to others.
2. Yourgoals in a particular situation determine the the amount and kind of information you collect about others.
3. How you expect people to act.
4. Your self-perception.

Front 6

Social norms

Back 6

The "rules", or expectations for behavior in a particular social situation.

Front 7

Fundamental atribution error

Back 7

The tendency to atribute the behavior of others to internal, personal characteristics, while ignoring or understanding the effects of external, situational factors; an attributional bias that is common in individualistic cultures.

Front 8

Blaming the victim

Back 8

The tendency to blame an innocent victim of misfortune for having somehow caused to problem or for not having taken steps to avoid or prevent it.

Front 9

Cognitive dissonance

Back 9

An unpleasant state of psychological tension or arousal that ocurs when two thoughts or perceptions are inconsistent; typically results from the awareness that attitudes and behavior are in conflict.

Front 10

Stereotype/stereotyped thinking

Back 10

A cluster of characteristics that are associated with all members of a specific social group, often including qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define the group.

Front 11

Prejudice.

Back 11

A negative attitude toward people who belong to a specific social group.

Front 12

Ethnoecentrism

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The belief that one's culture or ethnic group is superior to all others and the related tendency to use one's own culture as a standard by which to judge other cultures.

Front 13

Stanley Mulgram

Back 13

The obedience experiment.

Front 14

Conformity

Back 14

Tendency to adjust one's behavior, attitudes, or beliefs to group norms in response to real or imagined group pressure.

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Alturism

Back 15

Helping another person with no expectation of personal reward or benefit.

Front 16

Pro-social

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Helping another whether the underlying motive is self-serving or selfless.

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Social loafing

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The finding that people exert more effort on a task when working alone than when working as part of a group.
although in a study with Chinese participants during the 80's they worked harder when with a group.

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Stress

Back 18

a negative emotionalstate occurring in response to events that are percieved as taxing or exceeding a person's resources or ability to cope.

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Stressors

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Events or situations that are perceived as harmful, threatening, or challenging.

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Daily hassles

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Everday minor events that annoy or upset people. The number of daily hassles is a better predictor of physical illness and symptoms than is the number of major life events expeienced. Linked to psychological distress and physical illness.

Front 21

Life events.

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Life enents wheter goood or bad produces stress.Unexpected and uncontrollable adversely effect health.

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Holmes and Rahe

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developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale to measure the amount of stress people experienced. They believed that any change whether good or bad that caused you to adjust your lifestyle or behavior would cause stress.

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Conflict

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A situation in which a person feels pulled between two or more opposing desires, motives, or goals.

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Approach-approach Conflicts

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1. Approach-approach: win-win situation in which the choice is between two equally appealing outcomes.
2. Avoidance-avoidance: The chioce is between two unappealing outcomes.
3. Approach-avoidance: A very stressfurl situation in which the goal has both desirable and undesirable aspects.

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Acculturative stress

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The stress that results from pressure of adapting to a new culture.

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Fight or flight response

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A rapidly occuring chain of internal physical reactions that prepare a person to either fight or take flight from immediate threat.

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General Adaptation Syndrome

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Hans Selye's term for the three stage progression of physical changes that occur when an organism is exposed to intense and prolonged stress. Three stages ae: Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion.

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Psychoneuroimmunology

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An interdisciplinary field that studies the interconnections amoung psychological processes, nervous and endocrine systems and the immunes system.