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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference between presidential and parliamentary systems of legislature?
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Parliamentary systems are those with election of parliament which in turn elects the prime minister. Presidential systems are those with separate election of executive president.
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Which countries have a presidential system of legislature?
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US.
Mexico Brazil Nigeria |
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Which countries have a parliamentary system of legislature?
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UK
Canada Israel Japan |
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Define Head of State
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The top leader but often has only symbolic duties.
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Define Chief of Government.
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The real working executive. Typically head their parties, run election campaigns, and guide government.
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What are the advantages to the presidential system?
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Separation of powers prevents absolute power, abuse of power, and tyranny.
Legislators have considerable independence. |
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What are the disadvantages to the presidential system?
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Can lead to split ticket voting.
Constant struggle between legislative and executive branch that lead to deadlock. Party loyalty is rare. Issues can be slow to resolve. Difficult to oust unpopular executive. |
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What is immobilism?
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Getting stuck over a major political issue.
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What is the difference between bicameralism and unicameral-ism?
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Bicameralism is parliament having two chambers, upper and lower. Unicameral-ism is parliament having one chamber.
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Which countries use a unicameralism type?
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Sweden
Israel China |
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Which countries use a bicameralism type?
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U.S.
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What is a vote of confidence?
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Vote in parliament to support or oust government.
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Why did the U.S. Constitution create a bicameral legislature?
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Philosophical reasons: Separation of powers, and checks and balances.
Practical reasons: To create a more perfect union, and to balance large and small state's interests. |
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What is the major difference between a parliamentary-based hybrid democracy and a presidential-based democracy?
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The strength of the president of head of state.
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Which country uses a parliamentary-based hybrid legislature?
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Germany.
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Which countries use a presidential-based hybrid legislature?
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France.
Haiti. Russia. Egypt. |
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How much separation of powers exists in a presidential legislature?
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Total
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How much separation of powers exists in a parliamentary legislature?
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None
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How much separation of powers exists in a presidential-based hybrid legislature?
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Considerable.
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How much separation of powers exists in a parliamentary-based hybrid legislature?
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Some.
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Define separation of powers.
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Legislative and executive branches checking and balancing each other.
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How do checks and balances work in the U.S. between Congress and the President?
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Congress can fail to pass something the president wants and the president can veto something Congress wants.
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Which institutions can check and influence policies in a parliamentary democracy?
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Public opinion.
Elections. Media. Party structure. |
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Define Backbencher.
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Ordinary member of parliament with no leadership or executive responsibilities.
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What are earmarks or pork barrel legislation??
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Government projects aimed at legislators' constituencies.
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Define Gerrymandering.
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Using district lines to maintain a seat in the house.
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What is split ticking voting or a divided government?
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Democratic Executive, but republic house and democratic senate.
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Why is it impossible to split the ticket in a parliamentary system?
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Because there are many parties represented.
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What is logrolling?
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Legislators mutually supporting each other to get pork barrel bills passed.
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What is a filibuster?
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Any act to over turn senate.
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What is a cloture?
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A limited debate.
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How are legislatures, legislators, and legislation different?
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Legislatures are where the laws are made. Legislators are who makes the law, and Legislation is what laws are made.
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What is feudalism?
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A system of political power dispersed among layers.
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What is absolutism?
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Post-feudal concentration of power in monarch.
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