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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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panchromatic
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sensitive to all colors of light. refers to FILM.
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orthochromatic
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not sensitive to reds and oranges. sensitive to blues, etc. refers to PAPER.
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silver halide
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the mix of silver and salts that is the light sensitive material in film. with film, the more light that strikes, it the denser the halides will be.
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latent image
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an exposed image that hasn't appeared yet, on film or paper. after exposure but before development.
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daguerrotype
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metal coated with silver halides to make an image
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calotype
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paper (film) coated w/ silver halides, allowed for negatives (multiple copies of image).
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exposure
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when light strikes the film, or when paper is exposed to light
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the 3 things the camera controls:
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1. film speed 2. aperture 3. shutter speed
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film speed
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ISO or ASA. higher = more sensitive. size of silver particle makes it more sensitive. (the smaller the particle the more sensitive it is)
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aperture
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overlapping leaf system that controls light entering lens (f-stop - each stop doubles/halves amt of light). bigger size = more light.
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focal plane shutter
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shutter that exposes frame evenly, is what is used in most cameras
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leaf shutter
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aperture circle, center gets more light
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shutter speed list: (fast to slow)
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1000, 500, 250, 125, 60, 30, 15, 8, 4, 2, 1sec, 2, 4. Bulb/Time
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aperture list (big to small)
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1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22
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Depth of Field
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plane of focus
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what depth of field is affected by:
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1. aperture 2. focal distance 3. focal length
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how far into focal plane do you focus?
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1/3rd of the way
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incident reading
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metering the light that is hitting subject
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reflected reading
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metering the light reflected off of the subject
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what are meters set to read?
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18% middle gray
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reciprocity failure
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when film speed becomes unreliable at long exposures
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how to deal with reciprocity failure
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double the exposure, perhaps bracket as well
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how do you remove the film from then canister?
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pop it like a bottle of beer
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stock solution
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chemical that needs to be diluted. developer is stock.
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working solution
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can be used as is. stop and fix are working.
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when do you save the stop and when do you discard it?
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save the stop if it is yellow, discard if it is blue
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when do you save the fix and when do you discard it?
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save the fix if no white cloud forms upon testing. discard into marked container (due to silver content) if white cloud forms.
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what does multigrade paper allow?
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use same paper but change filter if you want to change contrast
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which filter is low contrast, 00 or 5?
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00 is low, 5 is high. 2 is average.
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what kind of film strip do you want for test strip of contact sheet?
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one with a consistent density
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which side of the film/paper faces up/down?
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emulsion to emulsion - emulsion side of film faces down, emulsion side of paper faces up
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how long do you develop prints?
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2 minutes, agitate constantly
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how long do you stop prints?
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30 seconds, agitate constantly
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how long do you fix prints?
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4 minutes (not light sensitive after 30sec)
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how long do you wash prints?
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10 minutes for RC, 30 minutes for fiber
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how do you work the wash?
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drain old water out. fill up again. then open drain and bring back 3 clicks.
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what does RC stand for and what base is it?
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RC = resin coated. plastic base
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which developer is for film and which is for the darkroom?
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D-76 is for film and Dektol is for darkroom
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how do you dilute darkroom developer?
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1:2 (1 part developer 2 parts water)
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how many prints should go through 30oz of developer
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about 20
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what does test strip show you?
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how long to expose print, based on highlights
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how do you adjust highlights?
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change the exposure time of the print
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how do you adjust shadows and midtones?
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adjust the contrast by changing the filter
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what is the reason for split-filtering?
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trouble getting highlights while maintaining richness of the blacks
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if you need more time to dodge, what do you do?
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knock down aperture & double exposure time
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burning involves what, with what filter?
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adding extra time to certain area of print to make it darker. use low contrast filter.
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dodging involves what, with what filter?
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taking away time from certain area of print to make it lighter. use high contrast filter.
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in split-filtering, what filter do you use for highlights and what filter do you use for shadows?
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low contrast for highlights and high contrast for shadows
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passive frame
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attention starts at the center of the photo and then moves out
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active frame
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visual dynamics start at the frame and move inward
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frozen moment
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action frozen in time - position that can't be held
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extruded moment
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action that's blurry
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still time
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no motion in the photo
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what is different about fiber printing?
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permawash before washing, and wash for 30min. also do 2 fix baths.
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how do you describe photos?
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specifics, characteristics, attributes, context, facts.
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what is the difference between film fix and paper fix?
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there is a hardener in film fix
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which 2 chemicals are the same for both film and paper?
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stop and permawash
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what does ASA stand for?
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American Standard Association
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definition of developer
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changes silver halide that's been chemically altered by light into a visible substance
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definition of stop
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stops the development of silver halide into a visible substance
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definition of fix
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makes silver halide no longer sensitive to light
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why doesnt aperture affect depth of field like you want?
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proximity to subject
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