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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mind body problem?
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e relationship of the mind to the body, is commonly seen as the central issue in philosophy of mind, although there are other issues concerning the nature of the mind that do not involve its relation to the physical body
Dualism and monism are the two major schools of thought that attempt to resolve the mind-body problem |
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What are the arguments in favor of dualism?
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Religious belief. Argument from introspection – you do not perceive any neurological activity. Descartes: you can conceive of yourself without a body, but not without a mind.
Argument from Irreducibility – no physical explanation could possibly account for what is going on. |
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What are the critical arguments of dualism?
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Simplicity.
Ockham’s Razor – if all else is equal, the simpler of the two competing hypotheses should be preferred; do not multiply entities beyond what is strictly necessary to explain the phenomena. Explanatory Impotence of dualism – we know a lot about the brain by studying it. Prosopagnosia phineus gage - we can understand how trauma effects the brain – we can understand how depression operates – we can prescribe psychoactive medication – |
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What is the problem of causal closure?
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How can non-physical stuff have any effect on physical stuff – how can the mind effect the brain?
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What is the difference between substance and property dualism?
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Substance Dualism: Mind is a distinct non-physical thing which is independent of any physical body.
The brain has a special set of properties possessed by no other kind of physical object. It is these properties that are nonphysical. |
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What does itmean for a property to be irreducible or emergent?
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emergent properties, properties that do not appear until ordinary physical matter has organized itself into a system of sufficient
complexity. irreducible, in that they are not just organizational features of physical matter. They are said to be novel properties beyond prediction or explanation. |
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What is the difference between epiphenomenal and interactionist theory of mind?
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introspection – you do not perceive any neurological activity. Descartes: you can conceive of yourself without a body, but not without a mind.
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