Intro To Pathology - Wk 1-4 Review Questions

Front 1

1. Removal of a piece of bone from the skull to expel evil spirits, was a technique practiced in:
a. 3000 BC
b. 300 BC
c. 1 AD
d. 300 AD
e. 1300 AD

Back 1

a. 3000 BC

Front 2

2. The following is true of John Hunter:
a. He found a cure for syphilis
b. He studied syphilis
c. He contracted syphilis
d. He studied cholera
e. He studied anthrax

Back 2

C. He contracted syphilis

Front 3

3. A needle biopsy of a lymph node will be sent to which Pathology discipline for investigation:
a. Histopathology
b. Cytology
c. Biochemistry
d. Microbiology
e. Haematology

Back 3

b. Cytology

Front 4

4. Klinefelter’s syndrome is an example of a:
a. Mendelian disorder
b. Cytogenetic disorder
c. Congenital malformation
d. Iatrogenic disorder
e. Idiopathic disorder

Back 4

b. Cytogenetic disorder

Front 5

5. Match the type of necrosis on the left with the situation in which it will occur on the right:
1 Colliquative necrosis a) Ischaemic heart muscle
2 Caseous necrosis b) A kidney arteriole in a hypertensive person
3 Gangrenous necrosis c) Omentum with nearby pancreatic damage
4 Gummatous necrosis d) Tuberculosis infection
5 Fat necrosis e) Ischaemic brain tissue
6 Fibrinoid necrosis f) Big toe of a diabetic (foul-smelling & black)
7 Coagulative necrosis g) Necrotic aorta in someone with tertiary syphilis
8 Haemorrhagic necrosis h) Ischaemic lung tissue

Back 5

1 E
2 D
3 F
4 G
5 C
6 B
7 A
8 G

Front 6

6. Which of the following death signals of apoptosis initiates the signal transduction pathway?
a. Irreparable DNA damage
b. Activation of a cell surface receptor
c. Mitochondrial damage
d. Cell membrane damage
e. Activation of sphingomyelinase

Back 6

b. Activation of a cell surface receptor

Front 7

7. In which phase of apoptosis does the cell split in to several membrane bound bodies?
a. Execution Phase
b. Signalling Phase
c. Phagocytic Phase
d. Degradation Phase
e. Effector Phase

Back 7

d. Degradation Phase

Front 8

8. Match the cardinal sign on the left with the explanation for the reason it occurs on the right:
1) Redness a) ↑ed tissue pressure
2) Pain b) ↑ed vascular permeability
3) Swelling c) Pain and swelling
4) Loss of function d) ↑ed local pyrogens
5) Heat e) Hyperaemia

Back 8

1 E
2 A
3 B
4 C
5 D

Front 9

9. A feature of lobar pneumonia is:
a) Acute inflammation
b) Scar tissue formation
c) Coagulative necrosis
d) Pus formation
e) Liquefactive necrosis

Back 9

a) Acute inflammation

Front 10

10 What is the function of neutrophils in inflammatory infiltrate?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Immunity
c) Inflammation of the tissue
d) Lay down scar
e) Seal off the area

Back 10

a) Phagocytosis

Front 11

11. What is the function of fibroblasts in granulation tissue?
a) Synthesize fibrin
b) Phagocytosis
c) Immunity
d) Synthesize collagen
e) Make new blood vessels

Back 11

d) Synthesize collagen

Front 12

12. A purulent fluid that has formed in the bronchus is described as:
a. Suppurative
b. Fibrinous
c. Serous
d. Haemorrhagic
e. Infiltrate

Back 12

a. Suppurative

Front 13

13. Match the appropriate term with its definition:
1. Diapedesis a) Granule full of lytic enzymes
2. Chemotaxis b) Fluid part of AI response
3. Neutrophil c) Viscous fluid composed of bacteria, debris & leukocytes
4. Macrophage d) The movement of cells to targets that attract them chemically
5. Margination e) Cellular part of AI response
6. Infiltrate f) Phagocyte that takes part in immune response
7. Exudate g) Any white cell
8. Pus h) Adherance of white cells on vascular endothelium
9. Lysosome i) Cell that is found in pus
10. Leukocyte j) Movement of cells through BV wall

Back 13

1 J
2 D
3 I
4 F
5 H
6 E
7 B
8 C
9 A
10 G

Front 14

14. A large open wound is described as a(n):
a. Abrasion
b. Avulsion
c. Contusion
d. Puncture
e. Laceration

Back 14

b. Avulsion

Front 15

15. An open fracture is also known as:
a. Compound
b. Comminuted
c. Avulsion
d. Simple
e. Greenstick

Back 15

a. Compound

Front 16

16. A fracture in young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks is also known as:
a. Compound
b. Comminuted
c. Avulsion
d. Simple
e. Greenstick

Back 16

e. Greenstick

Front 17

17. Excessive scar tissue formation following a burn is also known as:
a. Excessive granulation tissue
b. Cicatrization
c. Keloid
d. Pseudoarthrosis
e. Fibrous union

Back 17

b. Cicatrization

Front 18

18. Deposition of scar tissue in a healing bone fracture may result in:
a. Proud flesh
b. Cicatrization
c. Keloid
d. Pseudoarthrosis
e. Pyogenic granuloma

Back 18

d. Pseudoarthrosis

Front 19

19. Rheumatoid arthritis is an example of:
a. Chronic serous inflammation
b. Chronic ulcerative inflammation
c. Chronic suppurataive inflammation
d. Chronic fibrous inflammation
e. None of the above

Back 19

d. Chronic fibrous inflammation

Front 20

20. Hansen’s disease is an example of:
a. Chronic granulomatous inflammation
b. Chronic ulcerative inflammation
c. Chronic suppurataive inflammation
d. Active chronic inflammation
e. None of the above

Back 20

a. Chronic granulomatous inflammation

Front 21

21. Tubercles are:
a. Specific granulomas
b. Non-specific granulomas
c. Fibrinoid granulomas
d. Coagulative granulomas
e. Colliquative granulomas

Back 21

a. Specific granulomas

Front 22

22. M Tuberculosis infection is detected by:
a. Mantoux test
b. Ziehl-Neelsen stain
c. X-rays
d. Bronchoscopy/biopsy
e. All of the above.

Back 22

e. All of the above.

Front 23

23. Fibroadenosis of the breast is an example of:
a. Pathological Hypertrophy
b. Physiological Hypertrophy
c. Pathological Hyperplasia
d. Physiological Hyperplasia
e. None of the above

Back 23

c. Pathological Hyperplasia

Front 24

24. A strawberry birthmark is an example of:
a. Hamartoma
b. Haematoma
c. Choristoma
d. Metaplasia
e. Dysplasia

Back 24

a. Hamartoma

Front 25

25. Microcephaly is an example of:
a. Aplasia
b. Anaplasia
c. Hypoplasia
d. Hyperplasia
e. Agenesis

Back 25

c. Hypoplasia

Front 26

26. Leukoplakia is an example of:
a. Anaplasia
b. Dysplasia
c. Metaplasia
d. Neoplasia
e. Aplasia

Back 26

b. Dysplasia

Front 27

27. A lesion of colonic adenocarcinoma that appears cauliflower-like is described as:
a. Nodular
b. Fungating
c. Polypoid
d. Cystic
e. Ulcerating

Back 27

b. Fungating

Front 28

28. A bronchogenic carcinoma found at the site where it has originated is described as:
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Anaplastic
d. Benign
e. Aplastic

Back 28

a. Primary

Front 29

29. Benign tumours usually show:
(i) A scanty stroma
(ii) No metastasis
(iii) Well differentiated cell populations
(iv) Invasion
(v) A true capsule bounding them.
(a) Choices i, iii and v are correct
(b) Choices i, iii and iv are correct
(c) Choices ii, iii and iv are correct
(d) Choices ii, iv and v are correct
(e) Choices ii, iii and v are correct.

Back 29

(e) Choices ii, iii and v are correct.

Front 30

30. Examples of tissues that commonly undergo hyperplasia include:
i) Breast
ii) Skeletal muscle
iii) Liver
iv) Heart muscle
v) Lymphoid tissue.
a) Choices i, ii and iii are correct
b) Choices i, ii and iv are correct
c) Choices i, iii and v are correct
d) Choices ii and iv are correct
e) Choices iii, iv and v are correct.

Back 30

c) Choices i, iii and v are correct