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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common forms of cancer in men?
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They arise in the prostate, lung and colorectum
excluding non melanoma skin cancer |
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Most common forms of cancer in women?
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They arise in the breast, lung, colon and rectum.
excluding non melanoma skin cancer |
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Explain why the incidence of primary liver cancer is increasing.
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There is a large number of individuals that have been affected by the hepatitis C virus in the past 30 years and they are all slowly developing liver cancer
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What two cancers are responsible for approximately 60% of pediatric cancer deaths?
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acute leukemia and primitive neoplasms of the central nervous system.
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Most inherited forms of cancer are tissue specific in their pathology except for one. Which one?
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Li Fraumeni Syndrome
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What type of heredity do failures in DNA repair generally cause? What is the exception?
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They are generally autosomal recessive. However, Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer is autosomal dominant and the most common cancer predisposition syndrome.
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Name the cancer syndromes caused by a failure in DNA repair.
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Bloom Syndrome, Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Ataxiatelangiectasia
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parenchyma vs stroma
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parenchyma = clonal proliferation and determines the name of the neoplasm
stroma = nonclonal supporting tissues(connective/angio) desmoplasia = when a neoplasm is invading the tissue around it, pathologist calls it desmoplasia |
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Neoplasm with little stroma will be...what does it look like? example?
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soft...burkitt lymphoma, lots of cells clumped together
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Neoplasm with dense stroma will look like...what does it look like? example?
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hard...breast cancer, lots of collagenous tissue around it
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Benign mesenchymal ends with(includes endothelium)
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-oma
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malignant mesenchymal ends with(includes endothelium)
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sarcoma
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benign epithelial ends with...
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-oma
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malignant epithelial ends with...
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carcinoma
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What is malignant endothelium?
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angiosarcoma
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What is this? Which one is which?
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the left is a lipoma, the right one is a liposarcoma
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What is this?
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On the left is a hemangioma and on the right is an angiosarcoma. Not blood vessels in benign are surrounded by regular cells and the malignant one there are mitotic figures and highly irregular cells.
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What is this?
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On the left is squamous papilloma and on the right is squamous cell carcinoma. Both are epithelial neoplasms. note higher nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Pleiomorphism(one cell looks radically different from other cells) in cancer cell. Clear differentiation in benign.
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What is this?
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On the left is tubular adenoma and on the right is adenocarcinoma. Both are epithelial neoplasms.
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A tumor with both epithelial and mesenchymal components is called....
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a carcinosarcoma
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What is this
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teratoma
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Bad names for neoplasm(they don't follow the rules)
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lymphoma, melanoma, seminoma, hepatoma, hydatidiform mole, melanocytic nevus, choristoma, hamartoma, hematoma
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Distribution of cancer location and mortality is dependant on...
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many things including race, geography, gender, environment, genetics, etc.
Also, obesity, alcohol, sexual activity, smoking, age |
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age related cancer variation
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in adults:
carcinoma > leukemia/lymphoma > sarcoma in children: leukemia>CNS>sarcoma>>carcinoma |
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What is this...
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It is Familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) due to APC mutation
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What conditions increase risk of benign tumors turn into cancer?
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idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease(ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease)
Helicobacter pylori gastritis, viral hepatitis and other inflammatory syndromes. |
