Intro To Music Concepts Test #1

Front 1

Music

Back 1

system of non-lexical (non-language)
patterned sounds that function as signs

Front 2

Methodology

Back 2

a system of methods used in a
particular area of study. How do we gather our
information?

Front 3

Participant Observation

Back 3

observing what’s going
on while being a part of what’s going on.

Front 4

Etic

Back 4

describes terms used to offer an “outsider’s”
explanation of culture - a general set of terms and
concepts that can be used to interpret other cultures as
well

Front 5

Emic

Back 5

describes an “insider’s” perspective, perceptions,
and explanations of what’s going on

Front 6

Beat

Back 6

• constant
• in the background - you can’t always hear it!

Front 7

Rhythm

Back 7

• arrangement of durations
• may be different lengths - not necessarily
constant - on or off the beat

Front 8

Tempo

Back 8

speed of the beat

Front 9

Meter

Back 9

organization of the beat by patterns of accents

Front 10

Duple

Back 10

Accents on 1 and 2 or 1 and 4

Front 11

Triple

Back 11

Accents on 1 and 3

Front 12

Unmetered

Back 12

Music without a steady beat or regular accents

Front 13

Pitch

Back 13

frequency of sound

Front 14

Interval

Back 14

distance between pitches

Front 15

Scale

Back 15

a collection of pitches

Front 16

Timbre

Back 16

aural “colors,” either instrumental or vocal

Front 17

Aerophones

Back 17

flutes, reeds, brass

Front 18

Chordophones

Back 18

string instruments (plucked,
hammered, bowed, strummed...)

Front 19

Membranophones

Back 19

most drums

Front 20

Idiophones

Back 20

self-vibrating (rattles, spoons,
wooden sticks)

Front 21

Texture

Back 21

the interaction of musical “lines”

Front 22

Monophony

Back 22

One line

Front 23

Polyphony

Back 23

If there is one important voice, refer to homophony. If there is more than one important voice, it is polyphony.

Front 24

Homophony

Back 24

homorhythmic and melody plus accompaniment

Front 25

Heterophony

Back 25

One line but players all play it differently

Front 26

Art Music

Back 26

patronized by powerful political,
aristocratic or religious groups, accorded higher
prestige or value than other music.

Front 27

Popular Music

Back 27

accorded less prestige or value
than art music, often closely connected to mass
media and processes of commodification.

Front 28

Commodification

Back 28

process by which a thing
becomes a commodity, something that has monetary
value and can be bought and sold

Front 29

Bourgeoisie

Back 29

e (landlords,
capitalists) control a factor
in production

Front 30

Petite-bourgeoisie

Back 30

control
a smaller factor (shop
owners, tradesmen)

Front 31

Proletariat

Back 31

have nothing to
sell but their labor

Front 32

Ostinato

Back 32

short, repeating
musical pattern that
occurs throughout a piece
or section of a piece

Front 33

Chanter

Back 33

the pipe of the bagpipe that has the double reed

Front 34

Drones

Back 34

single reed pipes of the bagpipe

Front 35

The Enlightenment

Back 35

• belief in reason
• belief in the progress of human society
• belief in more egalitarian forms of government

Front 36

Treaty of Union

Back 36

Scotland merges with England to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

Front 37

Nation

Back 37

a group of people who share a common
language and common customs

Front 38

Nationalism

Back 38

the belief that the nation should
correspond to an independent political entity: the
nation-state

Front 39

Cultural Nationalism

Back 39

belief in the importance of
identifying, preserving, and displaying cultural forms that
are [thought to be] unique to a particular nation

Front 40

Globalization

Back 40

Process of interaction and integration
among people, companies, and governments of
different nations.

Front 41

Proletariat

Back 41

have nothing to
sell but their labor

Front 42

Ostinato

Back 42

short, repeating
musical pattern that
occurs throughout a piece
or section of a piece

Front 43

Chanter

Back 43

the pipe of the bagpipe that has the double reed

Front 44

Drones

Back 44

single reed pipes of the bagpipe

Front 45

The Enlightenment

Back 45

• belief in reason
• belief in the progress of human society
• belief in more egalitarian forms of government

Front 46

Treaty of Union

Back 46

Scotland merges with England to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

Front 47

Nation

Back 47

a group of people who share a common
language and common customs

Front 48

Nationalism

Back 48

the belief that the nation should
correspond to an independent political entity: the
nation-state

Front 49

Cultural Nationalism

Back 49

belief in the importance of
identifying, preserving, and displaying cultural forms that
are [thought to be] unique to a particular nation

Front 50

Globalization

Back 50

Process of interaction and integration
among people, companies, and governments of
different nations.

Front 51

Lumpen Proletariat

Back 51

urban “underworlds”

Front 52

Cosmopolitan Culture

Back 52

ideas/
objects/perspectives/tastes that are found in scattered places
among particular groups who are linked by different forms of
media, contact, interchanges

Front 53

Diaspora

Back 53

1. Dispersal of community and collective suffering.
2. Troubled relationship between diasporic communities
and their host sociteties.
3. Strong sense of community that transcends national
frontiers.
4. Promotion of a return movement and (re)constitution of
a national homeland.

Front 54

Punjab

Back 54

straddles the border between
India and Pakistan

Front 55

Dhol

Back 55

(double-headed drum)
with thick stick and thin wand

Front 56

Dholak

Back 56

(double-headed drum)
hit with hands instead of sticks

Front 57

Dancehall

Back 57

form of reggae created in the the
late 1970s and 1980s, characterized by slow
speeds and sparse textures

Front 58

“bhangramuffin”

Back 58

bhangra + raggamuffin

Front 59

Raggamuffin

Back 59

or ragga - form of dancehall
beginning in mid-1980s in which the music is
primarily electronic, often featuring sampling

Front 60

“patwa"

Back 60

mix of
Punjabi, English, and Jamaicanaccented English

Front 61

Composition

Back 61

music that is relatively fixed, relatively
predetermined, possessing a specific and recognizable
identity

Front 62

Improvisation

Back 62

music that is relatively un-fixed, not
predetermined, created during the moment of
performance to a greater degree than a composition

Front 63

Elites

Back 63

hereditary rulers and their families

Front 64

Guru

Back 64

teacher

Front 65

Raga

Back 65

melodic mode

Front 66

Tala

Back 66

rhythmic modes

Front 67

Alap

Back 67

unmetered “exploration” of
the raga

Front 68

Jor

Back 68

begins to get more rhythmic (

Front 69

Jhala

Back 69

rhythmic
alternation between melody and
drone strings on the sarod

Front 70

Tinhai

Back 70

melodic “hook” repeated three
times that signals the tabla

Front 71

Gat

Back 71

metered, pre-composed
melody skeleton used as a basis
for melodic improvisation

Front 72

Tala

Back 72

counterpart of raga(rhythmic
mode/cycle)

Front 73

Bols

Back 73

drum syllables

Front 74

Gharan

Back 74

(“house, family”) - a particular
style or tradition, usually named after its place of origin

Front 75

Global Imagination

Back 75

imagining “the Other” means new
ways of imaging yourself

Front 76

Gamelan

Back 76

denotes “ensemble”

Front 77

Syncretic

Back 77

mixing beliefs

Front 78

Dangdut

Back 78

pop music genre, emerged
in the 1970s

Front 79

Krakatau(group)

Back 79

synthesis of
jazz fusion (jazz and rock
elements) with Sundanese (West
Javanese) gamelan - founded in
1980s