Intro To Mt & Medical Terminology - Rattray

Front 1

where does the word massage come from?

Back 1

Arabic "mass" to touch or Greek "massein" to knead

Front 2

who is Asclepides?

Back 2

Greek physician who promoted massage, exercise and hydrotherapy

Front 3

which Romans used massage?

Back 3

both rich and poor

Front 4

who used massage in baths?

Back 4

Romans

Front 5

who was Per Ling?

Back 5

created sweedish massage which was called medical gymnastics

Front 6

who was Augustus Georgii

Back 6

Per Lings pupil who published a book on his findings after his death in 1839

Front 7

Who is Johan Metzger?

Back 7

a physician in Amsterdam who backed up massage therapy with physiology, pathology and anatomy

Front 8

in the 19th century what happened for massage therapy?

Back 8

became a specialized branch of nursing

Front 9

what was formed in 1895 and what did that group do?

Back 9

the society of trained masseuses who created training courses, and examinations to standardize massage therapy

Front 10

what did the society of trained massues become?

Back 10

the chartered society of physiotherapists

Front 11

who is information gathered?

Back 11

scientific method: hypothesis, observe and measure then conclude

Front 12

what are the effects of massage in general?

Back 12

increases muscle flexibility, relaxation, decrease stress levels

Front 13

what can massage do for pain control?

Back 13

massage reduces and manages pain that arises from a variety of sources (trauma, post-sugery, headache, fribromyalgia, arthritis, and terminal illness)

Front 14

what can massage do for circulation?

Back 14

massage locally and temporairly increases circulation, massage improves tissue health and can decrease blood pressure.

Front 15

what can massage do for the lympthatic system?

Back 15

massage improves lympthatic flow, reduces edema (swelling) ease pain, lower chance of scar tissue, and remove metabolic wastes.

Front 16

what can massage do for the respiratory system?

Back 16

what can massage do for the immune system?

Hint 16

increase activity of immune system, activity of white blood cells

Front 17

what are the physological effects of massage?

Back 17

massage can reduce stress, anxiety and depression

Front 18

what is it that massage cannot do?

Back 18

massage cannot: increase muscle tone, increase muscle strength, decrease cellulite, prevent denervated tissue

Front 19

what can massage do for the musculoskeletal system?

Back 19

massage can relax muscles, decrease spasms, improve resting muscle length, reduce trigger points, fibrosis and adhesions

Front 20

what are the four T's of palpation?

Back 20

Temperature, texture, tenderness, and tone

Front 21

what can temperature indicate?

Back 21

indicating inflammation or ischemia

Front 22

what can texture determine?

Back 22

healthy is even, adhesions are sticky, crepitus roughness in joint or crunchy

Front 23

how do you know if tissue is tender?

Back 23

wincing, or pulling away

Front 24

what is tone

Back 24

hypertonic is an increase in tone relative to nearby muscles. hypotonic decrease relative to nearby muscles

Front 25

what is palpation?

Back 25

palpation is the placement of the therapists hands on the clients tissues to assess their condition

Front 26

how is palpation performed?

Back 26

bilaterally unaffected side first, broad light touch, then fingertips to be specific

Front 27

what are soap notes?

Back 27

a method of collecting clear organised information.

Front 28

what does S.O.A.P stand for?

Back 28

S. subjective (what the client tells you) O. objective (notice, testing, findings) A. assessment (possible condition) P. plan (tx plan)

Front 29

what is tapotement?

Back 29

percussive and rhythmic tap, drum or patting

Front 30

how is tapotement preformed?

Back 30

light deep light

Front 31

what is heavy tapotemnt?

Back 31

hands firm, wrists relaxed, deeper force. Hacking, Clapping/Cupping, Beating

Front 32

what is light tapotement

Back 32

light and springy, pincement and taping

Front 33

what are the effects of tapotement?

Back 33

loosen mucus. increase local circulation. stimulating. reciprocal inhibition of the antagonist. stimulate hypotrohpred muscles

Front 34

what is petrissage?

Back 34

kneading, muscle squeezing, m. stripping, wringing, picking up, skin rolling

Front 35

what is m̃ squeezing

Back 35

muscle is compressed between palm and fingers

Front 36

what is m̃ stripping?

Back 36

moderate to deep pressure muscle contour is followed

Front 37

what is wringing?

Back 37

each hand moves in an opposite direction and then back to the initial position

Front 38

what is m̃ picking up?

Back 38

squeezing the muscle and lighting it up from underlying tissue

Front 39

what is skin rolling?

Back 39

skin is lifted between thumb and fingers and gently rolled over the area being treated

Front 40

what is kneading?

Back 40

thumb, fingertips, palmar, ulnar of hand or forearm unidirectional/circular movements

Front 41

what are the effects of petrissage?

Back 41

local circulation. m̃ fibre and connective tissue adhesions can be loosened. treat trigger points. radical restrictions

Front 42

what is effleurage?

Back 42

gliding, stroking, used to spread lubricant. prepares for deeper techniques

Front 43

what are the effects of effleurage?

Back 43

relaxive, sedative, reduce pain.

Front 44

what is stroking?

Back 44

an introductory or closing technique that is among the lightess of techniques.

Front 45

what are the effects of stroking?

Back 45

soothing

Front 46

what are vibrations?

Back 46

muscles of the forearm are alternately contracted and relaxed to create a rhythmic movement through the hand

Front 47

what are fine vibrations?

Back 47

very short, fast, almost invisible oscillations of the arm and hand

Front 48

what are coarse vibrations

Back 48

larger, more obserable [vigorous] oscillations of the arm and hand

Front 49

what are static vibrations?

Back 49

vibrations that keep the hand in continuous contact with the tissue without sliding over the clients skin

Front 50

what are running vibrations?

Back 50

vibrations that have the hand in continuous contact with the tissue and the vibrating hand moves over the clients skin

Front 51

what are the effects of vibrations?

Back 51

useful for painful areas. sensory reeducation. mechanically loosen mucus when preformed on thorax. decrease muscle tone

Front 52

what is diaphragmatic breathing

Back 52

abdominal breathing

Front 53

what is relaxed inhalation?

Back 53

the respiratory diaphragm contracts and descends compressing the abdominal visera

Front 54

what is relaxed exhalation?

Back 54

passive process that involves the relaxation of all the muscles of inspiration

Front 55

what is apical breathing?

Back 55

inefficent breathing pattern where the client mainly uses the uoper part of the lungs (apex). abdomen hardly moves

Front 56

what is paradoxical breathing?

Back 56

when a clients abdomen does not appear to rise during inhalation.

Front 57

what is the first step of diaphragmatic breathing?

Back 57

hands on the abdomen and client is told to raise your hands with their breath

Front 58

what is the second step of diaphragmatic breathing?

Back 58

hands placed on lateral ribs and client told to move hands out with their breathing

Front 59

what is the third and final step of diaphragmatic breathing?

Back 59

finger tips placrs on the manubrim below sternal notch and client told to lift fingertips with breath

Front 60

what is proper exhalation?

Back 60

relax the diaphragm first, intercostal mucles and then neck

Front 61

what are the effects of diaphragmatic breathing?

Back 61

increased relaxation, lympthatic flow, gas exchange, facillitates stretching techniques, decreases pain and stress

Front 62

what are contraindications to diaphragmatic breathing?

Back 62

people with long term diabetes and kidney disease

Front 63

what is the prone position?

Back 63

client on stomach pillow under abdomen, pillow under ankles, face in face cradle

Front 64

what position is sidelying?

Back 64

side to be treated turned uppermost pillow under head, pillow to hug, pillow between knees

Front 65

what is the supine position?

Back 65

client laying on their back, head on table pillow under knees

Front 66

what is the prone draping?

Back 66

undtape the back to PSIS levels. undrape leg to greater trochanter.

Front 67

draping for sidelying?

Back 67

undrape back to illiac crest, undrape leg to greater trochanter

Front 68

what is the draping for supine?

Back 68

grape the pectoral muscles to the rise of the breast. 1 hand bwteen grape and clavical. legs to greater trochanter

Front 69

what is a contraindication?

Back 69

a CI is something that makes a particular tx inadisable

Front 70

what is a tx modification?

Back 70

a change in the initial tx plan

Front 71

medications

Back 71

medications may require modifications to tx plan

Front 72

analegesics

Back 72

the client is unable to give accurate into about pain perception. asprin. Tylenol. anapox. motrin.

Front 73

anti-asthmatic medications

Back 73

can cause increased heart and respiration rates. vigorous deep hydrotherapy contraindicated. Ventolin

Front 74

anticogulants

Back 74

slow the clothing process. deep reptivie, m̃ stripping can lead to bruising. asprin. coumadin. heparin.

Front 75

antidepressants

Back 75

can alter the normal responses of the vasculature to temp change. full body hydrotherapy contraindicated. dizapam. Prozac. paxil.

Front 76

anti-inflammatories

Back 76

supression of the inflammatory process can make an assessment inacurate. asprins. Tylenol. clinoril.

Front 77

corticosteroids

Back 77

specialized anti-inflammatory injections tablets or creams . injection sight avoided for 12- 14 hours. topicort cortisol corticream aclovate

Front 78

muscle relaxants

Back 78

alter stretch response of a muscle. deep techniques, extreme stretches are contraindications. flexeril. diazepam. norflex.

Front 79

what is stress?

Back 79

the body's non-specific response to any demand made upon it. distress = bad eustress = good

Front 80

what can cause stress?

Back 80

emotions. threats to self esteem. pain. excessive intake of a stimulant. pathology. environmental exposure.

Front 81

what are stressors.

Back 81

potential triggers to the stress response

Front 82

what is stress reactivity?

Back 82

individual way a person responds to stress

Front 83

a brief acute stress that doesn't recur

Back 83

response is rapid and efficient

Front 84

a series of stressful secondary events can....

Back 84

can increase a persons physiological response to potential stress

Front 85

chronic and sustained stressors

Back 85

continual exposure to stressors fatigues the stress response and impairs effectiveness.

Front 86

General adaptaion syndrome

Back 86

explains the effects of long term stress on the body and helps explain why stress can cause illness

Front 87

General adapatiom syndrome alarm

Back 87

first exposure to certain stress the body's cortisol is high and no one organ system is predominantly active.

Front 88

General adaptation syndrome resistance and adaptation?

Back 88

exposure to stress the body tries to resist and adapt to it, resistance response rises above normal, limtee about of energy for stess adaptation

Front 89

General adaptation syndrome exhaustion

Back 89

long exposute to same stress adapative energy is exhausted acute stress response begins again

Front 90

autonomic nervous system

Back 90

regulates internal functions divided into two.parts parasympatheic and the sympathetic nervous system

Front 91

parasympatheic nervous system

Back 91

conserved energy and served to restore and maintain organ function slows heart rate and promotes the digestion of food

Front 92

sympathetic nervous system

Back 92

expense the body's energy fight or flight response

Front 93

what does the sympathetic nervous system cause?

Back 93

sweating, mental alertness, ^metabolism glucose & fat fr liver for quick energy. construction of blood vessels. ^blood pressure. apical breathing. dilation of pupils.