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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Saprophytic
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soil dwellers
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True/False: Fungi are prokaryotic
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False
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True/False: Fungi cell membrane is composed of cholesterol
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False; cell membrane is ergosterol - no cholesterol
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Cell wall is composed of:
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Peptidomannan
Glucan Chitin Cellulose Chitosan |
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Metabolism of Fungi
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Heterotrophic
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Oxygen requirements of Fungi
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Aerobic
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Reproduction of Fungi
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Asexual (conidia)
Sexual (Spores) |
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Classification of Fungi
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1)Septation of hyphal mycelia
2)Type of sexual spores produces |
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Is sexual reproduction relevant to infection or identification?
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No
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T/F: Yeasts are unicellular and eukaryotic
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True
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T/F: Yeast reproduce sexually
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False; Yeasts reproduce asexually by budding
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T/F: Most fungal pathogens grow as yeast
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True
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T/F: Most molds are multicellular
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True
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Hyphae
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long, tubelike extensions of the cell wall
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Multiple intertwined hyphae
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Mycelia
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T/F: common for hyphae to penetrate tissue during invasive disease
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False
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T/F: Aerial hyphae bear reproductive structures (asexual spores)
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True
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Ability of a fungus to grow as a yeast or a mold depending on environmental conditions
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Dimorphism
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Major means of fungal identification
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Spore morphology
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Conidia
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Major entity of infection
Conidia are asexual spores |
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-pH 5.6
-limits or prohibits growth of most bacteria |
Sabouraud's agar
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Definitive means of identification:
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observation of state of septation and type of asexual spores produced in mold state
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Can identify some organisms by:
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-Carbohydrate assimilation tests
-Antigen/Antibody detection, nucleic acid hybridization (PCR) |
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Direct visualization of fungi from tissue samples
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KOH digestion and microscopy
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Digests tissue, leaving fungi exposed for staining and microscopic observation; preliminary identification by types of hyphal structures (septation) and spores
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10% KOH
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Test that identifies fungus by fluorescence
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Wood's lamp
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Fungal infection of the scalp that does not fluoresce
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Tinea capitis
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Ability to adapt to tissue environment and temperature (body and fever range)
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Pathogenesis
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Ability to colonize the mucosal surfaces of the oral, GI and femal genital tract
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Adherance
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T/F: Fungi are generally invasive
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False
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T/F: Most fungi are susceptible to phagocytic killing
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True
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T/F: Fungal metabolic products do not injure tissue directly
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True; tissue injury is most often a result of inflammatory and immune responses to fungal presence
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T/F: Allergic reactions to fungal products or metabolites are common
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False
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Two ways humans acquire fungal infections:
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Environment or normal flora
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Clinical classifications:
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Superficial
Cutaneous Subcutaneous Systemic Opportunistic |
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Infections of the superficial areas of skin or hair shaft, no cellular response; cosmetic problem only
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Superficial
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Living tissue is not invaded; organisms colonize the keratinized stratum corneum because of their keratinolytic ability
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Cutaneous
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Usually requires implantation;
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Subcutaneous
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Inherently virulent and cause disease in healthy humans
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Systemic
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In patients with impaired host defenses or alterations in normal bacterial flora
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Opportunistic
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Tinea versicolor
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Superficial
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Black piedra
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Superficial
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Tinea pedis
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Cutaneous
Athlete's foot |
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Tinea capitis
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Cutaneous
hair |
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Chromoblastomycosis
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Subcutaneous
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Sporotrichosis
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Subcutaneous
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Histoplasmosis
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Systemic
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Coccidiomycosis
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Systemic
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Aspergillosis
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Opportunistic
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Blood-borne candidiasis
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Opportunistic
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