Intro To Logic 1.1

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argument

Back 1

in its' most basic form, is a group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others (the conclusion)

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premise

Back 2

the statements that set forth the reasons or evidence in an argument

Front 3

conclusion

Back 3

the statement that the evidence in an argument is claimed to support or imply.

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conclusion indicators

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therefore, wherefore, thus, concequently, we may infer, accordingly, we may conclude, it must be that, for this reason, so, entails that, hence, it follows that, implies that, as a result

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premise indicators

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since, as indicated by, because, for, in that, may be inferred from, as, given that, seeing that, for the reason that, inasmuch as, owing to

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inference

Back 6

in the technical sense of the term, is the reasoning process expressed by an argument

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proposition

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in the technical sense, is the meaning or information content of a statement

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syllogistic logic

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invented by Aristotle, a kind of logic in which the fundamental elements are terms, and arguments are evaluated as good or bad depending on how the terms are arranged in the argument.

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modal logic

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invented by Aristotle, a kind of logic that involves such concepts a possibility, necessity, belief, and doubt.

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logic

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the organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates arguments.

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truth value

Back 11

truth and falsity are called the two possible truth values of a statement.